>> ImÀ«q¬                >> Øm\mÀYnIÄ, aWvUe§Ä

KqU-Ãq-cn tXm«w-ta-Je hn[n ]dbpw

F³.Fw D®nIrjvW³

tXbne aW¡p¶ XWp¯ ae\ncIfn sXcsªSp¸nsâ NqSpImäv KqUÃqcns\ Bthi¯nem¡nbncn¡p¶p. Xt±iobcmb thm«Àamtc¡mÄ sXmgnÂtXSnsb¯nb A\ytZi¡mÀ¡pw IpSntbä¡mÀ¡pw \nÀWmbI kzm[o\apÅ XangI aWvUeamWnXv.

tIcfhpambn GähpaSp¯ _Ôw ]peÀ¯p¶ Xangv\mS³ aWvUe§fnsems¶¶ {] tXyIXbpw KqUÃqcn\pWvSv. tIcf¯n hb\m«n ap¶WnIÄ¡p ap¶n {]iv\ambn \n¶ ImÀjnI hnebnSnhp Xs¶bmWv KqUÃqcnepw sXcsªSp¸p ^es¯ \nÀWbn¡pI.

ASp¯ hÀjw kwhcW aWv Uew IqSnbmIp¶tXmsS tIcft¯mSp tNÀ¶p InS¡p¶ KqUÃqcn C¡pdn \S¡p¶ A¦w Ncn{X¯n Ipdn¡s¸Sp¶XpamIpw. F´mbmepw tXbne¡p¶pIfmbncn¡pw C¡pdn KqUÃqcnsâ hn[nbpd¸n¡pI F¶ Imcyw Dd¸mbn«pWvSv. CXp KqUÃqcnsâ am{Xw ImcyaÃ, XWp¸p aqSp¶ \oeKncnbpsS apgph³ ImcyamWv. KqUÃqÀ, Du«n, Ip¶qÀ aWvUe§fmWv \oeKncnbn hcp¶Xv.

\mep Øm\mÀYnIfmWv A¦¡f¯nepÅXv. kwØm\ hnt\mZk©mc a{´nbpw knänwKv FwFÂFbpamb F.sI anÃÀ F.sF.F.Un.Fw.sI Øm\mÀYnbmWv. sI. cmaN{µ\mWv Un.Fw.sIbv¡p thWvSn aWvUe¯n P\hn[n tXSp¶Xv. FÂ. IrjvWaqÀ¯n Un. Fw. Un.sI Øm\mÀYnbmbpw hn.Ipac³ _n.sP.]n Øm\mÀYnbmbpw A¦¡f¯nepWvSv. IrjvWaqÀ¯nbpw Ipac\pw A`n`mjIcmWv.

F«n\v t]mfnwKv _q¯nte¡p t]mIm³ Hcp§p¶ XangIw {]NmcW¨qSnsâ Bthi¯ n te¡p amdnbt¸mÄ KqUÃqcns\ NqSp]nSn¸n¡p¶ hnjbw tXbne Xs¶bmWv. Ignª Iptd hÀj§fmbn \oeKncnsb Gähpa[nIw _m[n¨ncn¡p¶ tXbne hnebnSnhv FÃm ap¶WnIfptSbpw sXcsªSp¸p hnjbhpambn.

Cu ]Ým¯e¯nemWv knänwKv FwFÂFbmb anÃdn\p {]Xo£bv¡p hIbpWvSmIp¶Xv. tXbnebv¡p k_vknUn \ÂIm³ PbefnX kÀ¡mcn\v IgnªXv FSp¯pIm«nbmWv anÃdpsS {][m\ {]NmcWw. F¶m k_vknUn \ÂIp¶Xp XoÀ¯pw A]cym]vXamsW¶pw tXbne IÀjIcpsS ZpcnXw Ahkm\n¸n¡pIbmWv KqUÃqÀ B{Kln¡p¶sX¶pamWv FXncmfnIfpsS {]NmcWw.

tXbnesb hyhkmb AkwkIrX hkvXphmbn ]cnKWn¡pI F¶ Bhiyhpw \oeKncnbnse tXbne IÀjIÀ hÀj§fmbn D¶bn¡p¶XmWv. F«p hÀjw ap¼mWv \oeKncnbn tXbnebv¡p hnebnSnhp XpS§nbXv. A¶papX ImÀjntImXv]¶w F¶ \nebn \n¶pw amäWsa¶ Bhiy¯n\pw A¶p apXepÅ BbpkpWvSv.

PbefnX kÀ¡mÀ 28 tImSn cq]bmWp tXbne IÀjI À¡v BsI k_vknUn \ÂInbXv. Hcp Intem Cebv¡v cWvSp cq]hoXw \ÂInbncp¶ k_vknUn sXcsªSp¸n\p sXm«p ap¼mbn aq¶p cq]bmbn hÀ[n¸n¨ncp¶p.

CXpw X\n¡p A\pIqeLSIamsW¶mWp anÃdpsS hnizmkw. CeIvt{SmWnIv kwhn[m\§fpsS klmbt¯msS BZyambn tXbne teew Bcw`n¡m³ kÀ¡mcn\mbXpw {]NmcW¯n FSp¯pImWn¡p¶pWvSv.

hnt\mZ k©mc taJebn KqUÃqcn\pÅ {][m\yw hÀ[n¸n¡m³ X\n¡msb¶pw anÃÀ AhImis¸Sp¶pWvSv. Du«nbnte¡pw ssakqcnte¡papÅ bm{X¡mÀ¡v CS¯mhfambn amdp¶ KqUÃqcn \nehnepÅ kuIcy§Ä thWvS{X e£y ¯nse¯nbn«nsöpw {lkzImemSnØm\¯n ]qÀ¯nbm¡mhp¶ H¶Ã Ahsb¶pw kwØm\ hnt\mZ k©mc hIp¸p a{´nIqSnbmb anÃÀ ]dbp¶pWvSv.

k_vknUn \ÂInb Imcyw AwKoIcn¨p Xs¶bmWv FXnÀap¶WnIfpsS {]NmcWw. KqUÃqcnsâ \m\mhn[ `q{]iv\§Ä¡p ]cnlmcw ImWm³ anà À¡mbnsöv Un.Fw.sI hmZn¡p¶pWvSv. A©phÀj¡mew sImWvSp ]qÀW ]cnlmcw ImWm\mhp¶ `q{]iv\§fà KqUÃqcnepÅsX¶pw {]iv\]cnlmc¯n\p XpS¡ambn«psWvS¶pw anÃÀ FXnÀhmZap¶bn¡p¶p.

tXbnebv¡pWvSmb hne¯IÀ¨ tXm«w sXmgnemfnIsf Gsd ZpcnX¯nem¡n. ChcpsS \ne]mSpIÄ Bsc klmbn ¡ psa ¶Imcyw KqUÃqcnsâ hn[nbn C¡pdn F´mbmepw \nÀWmbIamIpw. Ignª sXcsªSp¸n I¯n \n¶ tXbne hnjbw C¡pdnbpw \ne\n¡p¶psWvS¶Xp Xs¶ ImcWw.

KqUÃqcnse thm«ÀamcnepapWvSv {]tXyIX. hnhn[ tZi§fn \n¶pÅhÀ¡p thm«pÅ aWvUeamWv CXv. tIcf¯n \n¶pw ImSpsh«n PohnXw tXSnt¸mb \nch[n IpSntbä IÀjIÀ¡v sNdnbsX¦nepw kzm[o\apÅ \nch[n Øe§Ä aWvUe¯nepWvSv.

F´mbmepw sXcsªSp¸p Ignªm \S¸m¡m\pt±in¡p¶ IpSnbnd¡v Cu taJeIfn P\hn[nsb kzm[o\n¡pw.

hÀj§Ä¡p ap¼p XpS§nb IpSnbnd¡p \o¡w Ipd¨p Imeambn CÃmXncn¡pIbmbncp¶p. hoWvSp Ignª amkamWv Xangv\mSv h\whIp¸v sN¡vt]mÌp \nÀan¨pw Øew ]nSns¨Sp¡m³ {iaw \S¯nbpw IpSnbnd¡n\pÅ \o¡w hoWvSpw iàam¡nbXv. IpSntbä¡mcmb aebmfnItf¡mÄ \nÀWmbI iànIfmWv {ioe¦bn \n¶pw Xncn s¨ ¯nb Xangv hwiPcpw IÀWmSI¡mcmb tXm«w sXmgnemfnIfpw.

Chsc kzm[o\n¡p¶Xc¯nepÅ {]NmcWhpw aWvUe¯n \S¡p¶pWvSv. Xangv, aebmfw, I¶U F¶o `mjIfnse {]NmcW t_mÀUpIfpw ]cn]mSnIfpw aWvUe¯n GsdImWm\papWvSv. Xt±iobcmb tKm{Xhn`mK¯n\pw \nÀWmbIamb kzm[o\w aWvUe¯nepWvSv.

F´mbmepw Un.Fw. Un. sI bpw _n.sP.]nbpw KqUÃqcn \nÀWmbI iànbÃm¯Xn\m cWvSp ap¶WnIÄ X½nepÅ aÕc¯n\v am{XamWv KpUÃqcn Ifsamcp§nbncn¡p¶Xv.

KqUÃqcn Hcn¡semgnsI tIm¬{Kkv ]n´pWbpÅ Øm\mÀYnIfmWv Pbn¨n«pÅXv. Ignª XhW anÃÀ Un.Fw .sIbpsS Fw. ]mWvUycmPns\ 32,730 thm«pIÄ¡mWv tXm ]n¨Xv. CXp aWvUe¯nse dn¡mÀUmbncp¶p. 1967þ tIm ¬{Kkn \n¶p Pbn¨ \©m takvXncnbmWv BZy FwFÂF. kzX{´ Øm\mÀYnbmb s_m½s\bmWv \©mtakvXncn ]cmPbs¸Sp¯nbXv.

cWvSp \Kck`IfmWv aWvUe¯nepÅXv. KqUÃqcpw ]´Ãqcpw. Ch cWvSpw tIcfhpambn Gähpw ASp¸w ]peÀ¯p¶ Øe§fpw tIcf¯nte¡pÅ IhmS§fpamWv. tNct¦mSv, s\ÃmÀtIm«, tZhÀtjme, s\Ãnbmfw, Hmhen, \Sph«w, tjmeqÀ, {ioa[pc, apXpae, akn\KpUn, Dïn, XqtWcn, F_\mSv, AXnKm«n F¶o ]©mb¯pIfpw aWvUe¯nepWvSv.

KqUÃqÀ kztZin Xs¶bmWv aÕccwK¯pÅ anÃÀ. tXm«wsXmgnemfn IpSpw_¯nembncp¶p P\\w. F.sF. F.Un. Fw.sIbpsS Xmeq¡v, PnÃm Xe§fn kwLmS\anIhpÅ t\Xmsh¶ t]scSp¯ tijamWv Ignª XhW aÕccwKs¯¯nbXv.

Un.Fw.sI Øm\mÀYn cmaN{µ³ ASp¯ aWvUeamb Ip¶qÀ kztZinbmWv. \oeKncn PnÃmXe¯n Un.Fw.sIbpsS kap¶X\mb t\XmhpamWv cmaN{µ³. Un.Fw.Un.sI, _n. sP.]n Øm\mÀYnIfpw Xt±iobÀ Xs¶.

F´mbmepw Imäpamdn hoip sa¶ {]hN\§sfm¶pw KqUÃqÀ aWvUe¯n CXphscbnÃ.

]t£ tXbnebpsS hnebnSnhpw Im¸ns¯mgnemfnIfpw aäp IÀjIcpw \nÀWbn¡p¶ hn[nXs¶bmbncn¡pw KqUÃqcnsâ P\hn[nsb¶ Imcy¯n kwibansöv aÕccwK¯pÅ \mept]cpw Dd¸n¡p¶pWvSv. kuP\y IfÀSnhn¡pw tdj\pw Cu aWvUe¯n \ndapÅ kz]v\§Ä \ÂIm\mhnsöpw.

Ip¯I aWvUe§fpsS I®qÀ

Fw. tdmbv

Ccpap¶WnIÄ¡pw B\ Ip¯nbm adnbm¯ Ip¯I a WvUe§fpÅ PnÃbmWv I ®qÀ. CSXn\p ]c¼cmKXambn Xs¶ ta[mhnXzapÅ PnÃbnse ]¯p aWvUe§fn G gpw AhÀ I¿S¡nbncn¡p¶p.v.

CXn Nm©m«apÅ a WvUe§Ä Csöp Xs¶ ]dbmw. bp.Un.F^n\v kz´ambp Å aq¶n cWvSp aWvUe§fpw AXpt]mse Xs¶ Cf¡anÃm ¯ ]mc¼cyw \ne \nÀ ¯p ¶p WvSv.

\nehn bp.Un.F^nsâ ssIbnepÅ t]cmhqÀ aWvUe¯n am{XamWv hnPbw Ccp ]£t¯¡pw amdnadnbmdpÅXv. cWvSp XhW ChnsS `qcn] £w Ccp\qdv thm«n Xmsg am{Xambncp¶p. 1996þ tIm¬{Kkv þ Fknse sI.Sn. Ipªl½Zv hnPbn¨ t]cmhqÀ 2001þ  tIm¬{Kknse F.Un. apkv X^ Xncn¨p]nSn¨p. 1173 thm«p am{Xambncp¶p apkvX^bpsS `qcn]£w.

tIm¬{Kkv t\Xmhv cmPvtaml³ D®n¯m\pw kn.]n.Fw. tI{µ I½nän AwKw tImSntbcn _meIrjvW\pw t\À¡pt\À Gäpap«p¶Xp sImWvSv Xeticn aWvUew C¡pdn kwØm\ {i² ]nSn¨p]änbn«pWvSv. Hcp A«nadn hnPbw bp.Un.F^v. ChnsS kz]v\w ImWp¶p.kn.]n.F½nsâ asämcp tI{µ I½nän AwKw ]n.sI.{ioaXn ]¿¶qcn a Õcn¡p¶p.

45,377 thm«nsâ dn¡mÀUv `qcn]£w kz´ambp Å kn.]n.Fw.kwØm\ I½nän AwKw ]n.PbcmP³ Iq¯p]d¼n hoWvSpw P\hn[n tXSp¶p. FS¡mSv aÕcn¡p¶ tIm¬{Kkv þFkv {]knUâv IS¶¸ÅnbmWv CSXp\ncbnse asämcp {]apJ³.

bp.Un.F^n ap³a{´nbpw sI.]n.kn.kn. sk{I«dnbpamb sI.kp[mIc³ I®qcn lm{SnIv hnPbhpw tIm¬{Kkv ]mÀesaâdn I½nän sk{I«dn sI. kn. tPmk^v Ccn¡qdn U _n Ä lm{SnIv hnPbhpw e£yam¡n aÕccwK¯pWvSv. ]¯p a WvUe¯nepw Xmac NnÓ¯n _n.sP.]n. Øm\mÀYnIfpw P\hn[n tXSp¶p. ]Xn\mbnc¯ne[nIw thm«pIfpÅ a WvUe§Ä _n.sP.]n¡v I ®q cnenÃ.

]¿¶qÀ

ImkÀtKmUv PnÃtbmSp tN À¶p InS¡p¶ ]¿¶qÀ aWvUe¯n kn.]n.Fw Øm\mÀYnIfÃmsX aämcpw CXphsc Pbn¨n«nÃ. kn.]n.Fw. tI{µ I½nän AwKhpw P\m[n]Xy alnfm Atkmkntbj³ kwØm\ {]knUâpamb ]n.sI.{ioaXn ChnsS XpSÀ¨bmb cWvSmw hnPbw tXSp¶p.

Ignª XhW {ioaXn¡v 22,738 thm«nsâ `qcn]£apWvSmbncp¶p. sF. F³. Sn.bp. kn. PnÃm {]knUâv sI. kptc{µ\mWv bp.Un.F^v.Øm\mÀYn. amä¯n\pthWvSnbmWv kp tc {µ ³ thm«p tXSp¶Xv. {ioaXnbpsS `qcn]£s¯¡pdn¨v am{Xta ]¿¶qcn FÂ.Un.F^n\v Bi¦bpÅq.

Xfn¸d¼v

kn.]n.F½nsâ asämcp Ip¯I aWvUew. 1970þ am{XamWv Hcp tIm¬{KkpImc³ X fn¸d¼n Pbn¨Xv.

kn.]n.Fw. PnÃm sk{I«dn Fw.hn. tKmhnµ³ cWvSp XhW Pbn¨ ChnsS C¡pdn kn.]n.Fw. kwØm\ I½nän AwKhpw IÀjIkwLw kwØm\ sk{I«dnbpamb kn. sI.]n. ]Zva\m`\mWv CSXp Øm\mÀYn.

]Xva\m`sâ I¶n aÕcamWv. Fw.hn. tKmhnµ\v Ignª XhW 15,287 thm«nsâ `qcn]£apWvSmbncp¶p. bq¯v tIm¬{Kkv kwØm\ sk{I«dnbmb N{µ³ XnÃt¦cnbmWv bp.Un.F^v. Øm\mÀYn. `qcn]£w am{XamWv ChnsSbpw NÀ¨bmIp¶pÅq.

Agot¡mSv

sXcsªSp¸n\p apt¼ FÂ. Un.F^v hnPbw Dd¸n¨ aWvUe§fn Agot¡mSpw s]Sp¶p. 1987þ kn.Fw.]n. Øm\mÀYnbmbn Fw .hn. cmLh³ A«nadn hnPbw t\SnbsXmgn¨m kn.]n.F½nsâ kz´w aWvUew.

Sn.sI. _mesâ \ncymWs¯ XpSÀ¶v 2005þ \S¶ D]sXcsªSp¸n kn.]n.F½nse Fw.{]Imi³ amÌÀ Pbn¨Xv 26,376 thm«n\v. {]Imis\ Xs¶bmWp kn.]n.Fw. hoWvSpw \nÀ¯nbncn¡p¶Xv. kn. Fw. ]n.kwØm\ Iu¬kn AwKw sI.sI.\mWphmWp bp. Un. F^v.Øm\mÀYn. aWvUe¯n se IpSnshÅ {]iv\w D¶bn¨mWv \mWp {]NmcWw \ S ¯p ¶Xv.

I®qÀ

sNt¦m«bnse bp.Un.F^v. sIm¯fw. Hcp kn.]n.Fw. Øm\mÀYn I®qÀ aWvUe¯n aÕcn¡p¶Xp Xs¶ C¯hWbmWv. FÂ.Un.F^n kzX{´cpw LSII£nIfpamWv ChnsS km[mcW aÕcn¨ncp¶Xv. ap³ a{´nbpw sI.]n.kn.kn. sk{I«dnbpamb sI. kp[mIc³ XpSÀ¨bmbn aq¶mw h«w aÕcn¡p¶p.

Ignª XhW 19,133 thm«mbncp¶p kp[mIcsâ `qcn]£w. kn.]n.Fw. kwØm\ I½nän AwKhpw kn. sF. Sn.bp. kwØm\ sk{I«dnbpam b sI.]n.kltZhs\ Øm\mÀYnbm¡nb CSXp]£w A«nadn hnPbw {]Xo£n¡p¶p. ] t£, kp[mIc\pw bp.Un.F^pw XnIª hnPb {]Xo£bnemWv.

FS¡mSv

IqSpX XhWbpw FÂ. Un.F^mWv hnPbn¨n «pÅs X¦nepw bp.Un.F^nt\bpw Chn sS hnPbw A\p{Kln¨n«pWvSv. kn.]n.F½nse Fw.hn. PbcmP ³ XpSÀ¨bmbn cWvSp XhW P bn¨ FS¡mSv aWvUew kn. ]n. Fw. C¯hW tIm¬{Kkv þ Fkn\mWv \evInbncn¡p¶Xv. Fkv þ {]knUâv IS¶¸Ån cmaN{µ³ ChnsS P\hn[n tXSp¶p. Fw.hn.PbcmP\v IgnªXhW 5329 thm«mbncp¶p `qcn]£w. bp.Un.F^n Un. sF.kn. aÕcn¡p¶ I®qcnse GI aWvUeamWnXv. Un. sF. kn. PnÃm {]knUâv sI.kn. IS¼qcm\mWv Øm\mÀYn. iàamb aÕcw FS¡m«v {]Xo£n¡p¶p.

Xeticn

tIm¬{Kkv t\Xmhv cm Pv taml³ D®n¯m³ aÕcn¡p¶Xp sImWvSp am{Xw iàamb aÕc¯nsâ {]XoXnbpWvSmbncn¡p¶ aWvUew. Hcp Ime¯pw FÂ.Un.F^v ]£¯p\n¶p amdn Nn´n¡m¯ Cu aWvUe¯n kn.]n.Fw. tI{µ I½näC AwKw tImSntbcn _meIrjvW³ XpSÀ¨bmbn cWvSmw XhW aÕcn¡p¶p.

1996þ se D]sXcsªSp¸n  24,501 thm«n\v C.sI. \mb\mÀ aÕcn¨v Pbn¨ Xeticn bn 2001 þ  tImSntbcnbpsS `qcn]£w 7043 Bbn Xmgv¶ncp¶p. bp.Un.F^v. A«nadn {]Xo£n¡m\pÅ kmlNcyw `qcn]£¯nse Cu IpdhmWv. D®n¯m³ iàamb {]NmcWw Xs¶bmWv Xeticnbn \S¯nbXv.

tImSntbcnsb aWvUe¯n\v ]pd¯p t]mImsX Xf¨nSm\pw D®n¯m\p Ignªp. _n. sP.]n¡nhnsS ]Xn\mbnct¯mfw thm«pWvSv. F¶m Ignª XhW _n.sP.]n. Øm\mÀYn¡nhnsS aqhmbnct¯mfw thm«mWv e`n¨Xv. bp.Un.F^n\v _n.sP.]n. thm«p adns¨¶v C tXXpSÀ¶v Bt£]apbÀ¶ncp¶p. ]n. kXy{]ImimWv C¯hW _n.sP.]n. Øm\mÀYn. D®n¯m³ Pbn¨m AXp kwØm\s¯ Gähpw henb A«nadnIfnsem¶mbncn¡pw.

s]cn§fw

Gsd¡mew tkmjyenÌv t\Xmhv ]n.BÀ.Ipdp¸v kz´am¡n h¨ncp¶ aWvUew. C cp ] £t¯¡pw adnª Ncn{Xap sWvS¦nepw Ignª cWvSp {]mhiyambn FÂ.Un.F^nse P\XmZfnsâ Dd¨ koäv. ]n.BÀ. Ipdp¸nsâ aI³ sI.]n. taml\\mWv knänwKv FwFÂF. 6978 thm«mbncp¶p taml\sâ `qcn]£w.

P\XmZÄ kwØm\ \nÀhmlI kanXn AwKamb sI.]n. taml\³ Xs¶ C¡pdnbpw aÕcn¡p¶p. 1991  apÉnw eoKnse sI.Fw. kq¸n P bn¨ aWvUew FÂ.Un.F^n Â\n¶p Xncn¨p ]nSn¡m³ eoKv C¡pdn ]mÀ«n PnÃm {]knUâv hn.sI.A_vZpÄ JmZÀ auehnsb aÕcn¸n¡p¶p. auehnbpsS Øm\mÀYnXzw s]cn§f s¯ t]mcm«¯nsâ hodv hÀ [n ¸n¨n«pWvSv.

Iq¯p]d¼v

kwØm\s¯ dn¡mÀUv `qcn]£t¯msS FÂ.Un.F^n\v kz´amb aWvUew. kn. ]n.Fw. kwØm\ I½nän AwKw ]n.PbcmP³ 2005 se D]sXcsªSp¸nemWv 45,377 thm«nsâ kÀhIme dn¡mÀUv Øm]n¨Xv. Hcn¡Â t]mepw heXpNmbvhv ]peÀ¯m¯ aWvUeamWnXv.

bq¯v tIm ¬{Kkv PnÃm {]knUâv kPohv tPmk^mWv bp.Un.F^v. Øm\mÀYn. dn¡mÀUv `qcn] £w Ipdbv¡m\mbm t\«amIpsa¶v bp. Un. F^v. IcpXp¶p.

t]cmhqÀ

^e{]hN\w Akm[yamb aWvUew. FÂ.Un.F^nÂ\n¶v 2001þ tIm¬{Kknse F.Un. apkvX^bneqsS bp. Un. F^v.]nSns¨Sp¯ aWvUew XncnsI ]nSn¡m³ kn.]n.Fw. c WvSpw Iev]n¨v Cd§nbncn¡p¶p. F³.kn.]nbpsS koäv GsäSp¯ kn.]n.Fw. ap³ Iq¯p]d¼v FwFÂF sI.sI.ssjeP sb Øm\mÀYnbm¡n \nÀ¯nbncn¡p¶p. 1173 thm«mWv apkv X^bpsS Ignª aÕc¯nse `qcn]£w. Un.sF.knbpsS i àntI{µamb t]cmhqcn AhcpsS CSbnse `n¶X X§Ä¡v KpWIcamIpsa¶v FÂ.Un.F^v. IcpXp¶p.

F¶m cWvSmw hnPbw {]Xo£n¡p¶ F.Un. apkvX^ XnIª hnPb {]Xo£bnemWv. aWvUe¯n sNbvX Ht«sd hnIk\ {]hÀ¯\§Ä apkvX^bv¡v P\Iob FwFÂF F¶ ]cnthjhpw \evIn bn «p WvSv.

Ccn¡qÀ

I®qÀ PnÃbnse bp.Un.F^nsâ asämcp tIm«. tIm¬{Kkv ]mÀeaâdn I½nän sk{I«dnbpw tIm«bw N§\mticn kztZinbpamb sI.kn. tPmk^v XpSÀ¨bmb Bdmw hnPbw e£yan«p bp.Un.F^v Øm\mÀYnbmbn aÕcn¡p¶p. 16,904 thm«mbncp¶p IgnªXh Ws¯ sI.knbpsS `qcn] £w. thm«Àamcn Gsdbpw IpSntbä IÀjIcmbpÅ aWvUew. FÂ.Un.F^n\p _mentIdmaebmWv.

FÂ.Un.F^n tIcf tIm¬{Kkv þ sPbn \n¶v koäv ]nSns¨Sp¯ kn.]n.Fw aWvUe¯n Xs¶bpÅ ]mÀ«n PnÃm sk{It«dnbäv AwKw Pbnwkv amXyphns\ aÕcn¸n¡p¶p. \m«pImc\mb Hcmsf P\{]Xn\n[nbmbn sXcsªSp¡Wsa¶mWv FÂ.Un.F^v thm«ÀamtcmSv A`yÀYn¡p¶Xv. Pbnwkv amXyp 1987  sI.kn. tPmk^ns\ FXncn«t¸mÄ `qcn]£w 7476 thm«mbn Ipdªncp¶p. aWvUe¯n ASnsbmgp¡pIfpsWvS¶pw A«nadn hnPbw e`n¡psa¶pw kn.]n.Fw. IcpXp¶p.

cmjv{Sob kahmIy§Ä amdptam?

]n.kPnXvIpamÀ

A©v aWvUe§Ä am{XapÅ ImkÀtKmUv PnÃbn "aq¶vþcWvSv' F¶ kahmIy¯n\v amäw hcptam F¶ tNmZyamWv {]NmcW¯nsâ Iemis¡m«n\v C\n aWn¡qdpIÄ _m¡n \n¡p t¼mgpw PnÃbnse thm«ÀamÀ¡p ap¶nepÅXv. hS¡v cWvSp a WvUe§Ä eoKnsâ Ip¯Ibpw sX¡pÅ aq¶p aWvUe§Ä CSXnsâ Ip¯Ibpsa¶ Ignª Ime§fnse sXcsªSp¸p Ncn{Xw amdpsa¶p IcpXp¶htcsd.

]t£, B amäw F§s\bmbncn¡pw. at©izcsa¶ eoKv tIm«bn ]XnämWvSpIfpsS CSthf¡p tijw sNs¦mSn ]mdp¶Xmbncn¡ptam B amäw, AXà tIcf \nbak`bn Hcncn¸nSsa¶ _n.sP.]nbpsS NncImetaml¯nsâ km£mXv Imcambncn¡ptam B amäw. {] hN\§Ä ChnsS ]mgv hm¡pIfmtb¡mw.A{Xta Xo£vWamWp t]mcm«w. Ncn{X¯nsâ X\nbmhÀ¯\ta kw`hn¡pÅqsh¶p IcpXp¶hcpapWvSv. heXp ]£w cWvSpw CSXp]£w aq¶pw \ne\nÀ¯n A`nam\w kwc£n¡p ¶ ]Xnhv AhØ. Hcp ] t£ A´naambn kw`hn¡pI CXp Xs¶bmbncn¡psa¦nepw t]mcm«w kahmIy§Ä amänadn¡p¶ a«n A«nadn \o¡ t¯msS Xs¶.

at©izcw

Hcp Ime¯p IÀWmSI`mjm t{]anIfpw ]n¶oSv IayqWnÌv t\Xmhv kpºdmhphpw A XnÂ]ns¶ FÃm¯hWbpw sNÀ¡fw A_vZpÅbpw hnPbn¨p t]m¶ aWvUew. A¡uWvSv Xpd¡m³ sI.Pn.amcmsdbpw kn. sI.]Zva\m`s\bpw t]mepÅ {]Kev`sc _n.sP.]n ]co£n¨t¸mÄ thm«p adn¨v kn.]n.Fw bp.Un.F^n\v CjvSZm\w \ÂInt¸m¶ aWvUe¯n C¯hW Nn{Xw hyXykvXw.
sNÀ¡fs¯ apJyi{Xphmbn {]Jym]n¨v FÂ.Un.F^v Imte¡q«n If¯nend§n. AUz.kn.F¨v.Ipª¼psh¶ bph t\Xmhn\p thWvSn kn. ]n. F½nsâ ]mÀ«n kwhn[m\w ]qÀWambpw C¡pdn tI{µoIcn¨n«pÅXv at©izc¯mWv. ]n. Un .]n, PamAs¯ CÉman XpS§nb kwLS\IÄ¡p ]pdta eoKv hnaXcpsS IqSn ]n´pW tbmsS sNÀ¡fs¯ ASnsXän¡m\pÅ ]pd¸mSn Xs¶bmWv FÂ.Un.F^v.

A¡uWvSv Xpd¡se¶ ]Z {]tbmKw amänsh¨v IÀWmSIeb\hmZw XpS§n {]mtZinIhnjb§Ä kaÀ°ambn {] tbmKn¨v IÀWmSIbn e`n¨ A[nImc¯nsâ IqSn ]n³_et¯msS _n.sP.]n Øm\mÀ°n Fw.\mcmbW`«v X{´]camb \o¡¯nemWv. apÉnwthm«pIÄ hnLSn¡p¶Xv at©izc¯nsâ Ncn{Xw Xncp¯m³ hgn sh¡psa¶v _n.sP.]n IcpXp t¼mÄ aTm[n]Xnamsc IWvSv lnµpthm«pIÄ IqSn Dd¸n¡m\mWv sNÀ¡f¯nsâ {iaw. aÂkcn¡p¶Xv sNÀ¡fw A_vZpÅbmbXp sImWvSp Xs¶ kwØm\cmjv{Sobw Däpt\m¡p¶ t]mcm«ambn amdn¡gnªp at©izct¯Xv.

Ignª sXcsªSp¸n 13,188 thm«n\mWv sNÀ¡fw hnPbn¨Xv. _n.sP.]nbmWv ChnsS cWvSmw Øm\s ¯¯m dpÅXv.

ImkÀtKmUv

at©izct¯mfw hminbnsænepw ImkÀtKm«pw \S¡p¶Xv iàamb {XntImWa Âkcw Xs¶. ImÂ\qämWvSmbn aWvUes¯ {]Xn\n[oIcn¡p ¶ apkvenweoKnse kn.Sn.Al ½Zen¡v shÃphnfnbpbÀ¯m³ _n.sP.]nbnse hn.cho{µ\pw CSXp]n´pWbpÅ sF. F³ .F Øm\mÀ°n F³.F.s\Ãn¡p¶pw {]NmcWcwK¯v kPohamWv.

Ignª XhW _n .sP. ]n bnse ]n.sI.IrjvWZmkn s\ kn.Sn ]cmPbs¸Sp¯nbXv 17995 thm«n\mWv.bp.Un.F^v ChnsS XnIª Bßhnizmk¯nemWv.

{]iv\§sfs´ms¡bmbmepw {]Xntcm[n¡m³ kn.SnbpsS kuaykm¶n[yw a Xnsb¶v AhÀ IcpXpt¼mÄ eoKnsâ Ip¯IaWvUew A«nadn¡m\pÅ FXnÀ]mfb§fnse Icp\o¡§Ä¡v kPohX t]mc.

at©izc¯sæn ImkÀtKmUv F¶ a«n _n.sP.]n sNdpXÃm¯ ]cn{iaw \S¯p¶psWvS¦nepw ImkÀtKm«v AsXm¶pw Imcyambn G¡p¶ a«nÃ.

DZpa

PnÃbn {]ÌoPv t]mcm«w \S¡p¶ aWvUew. CSXpheXp ap¶WnIsf amdnamdn XpW¨n«pÅ DZpa Ignª aq¶p XhWbpw {]Xn\n[m\w sNbvXXv FÂ.Un.F^mWv.

knänwKv FwFÂF sI.hn.Ipªncma\p X s¶ kn.]n.Fw hoWvSpw Ahkcw \ÂInbt¸mÄ FXncmfnbmbn cwK{]thiw sNbvXXv PnÃbn bp.Un.F^nsâ Aac¡mc\pw Un.kn.kn {]knUâpamb ]n.KwKm[c³ \mbÀ.

cmjv{Sob¯nep]cnbmb hyàn_Ô§fpÅ KwKm[c³ \mbÀ FÂ.Un.F^n\pbÀ¯nbncn¡p¶ shÃphnfn sNdpXÃ.

]t£, sN½\mSv ]©mb¯v {]knUâv ]mZqÀ Ipªmap DÄs¸S hensbmcp hn`mKw Un.sF.kn t\Xm¡fpw AWnIfpw ]mÀ«n \nÀt±iw sNhns¡mÅmsX CSXpap¶Wn¡p thWvSn cwK¯nd§nbncn¡p¶Xv \nkmcambn XÅmhp¶ ImcyaÃ.

Ignª XhW 9664 thm«n\mbncp¶p Ipªncmasâ hnPbw. _n.sP.]n ZpÀ_e\mb Øm\mÀ°nsb \nÀ¯nbXv bp.Un.F^n\v thm«padn ¡m\m sW¶ i¦ FÂ.Un.F^n\I¯pWvSv. DZpabn I®psh¨ncp¶ sF.F³.FÃpImcpsS taml`wKhpw thm«m¡m³ bp.Un.F^v {ian¡pt¼mÄ DZpabnse t]mcm«¯n\v Xo{hXtbdp¶p.

tlmkvZpÀKv

DZpabn bp.Un.F^vþUn. sF.kn _Ô¯nse s]mcp¯t¡Sv _m[n¨ncn¡p¶Xv tlmkvZpÀKnse Un.sF.kn Øm\mÀ°nbpsS {]hÀ¯\¯nemWv. kn.]n.sFbnse ]Ån {]w _me\pw Un.sF .knbnse ]n.cmaN{µ\pw Gäpap«p¶ aWvUe¯n {]NmcWcwK¯v ta[mhnXzw FÂ.Un.F^n\p X s¶.

tIm¬{Kknsâ iàntI{µ§sfÃmw XWp¸³a«nemWp Un.sF.kn Øm\mÀ°ntbmSp {]XnIcn¡p¶Xv. aWvUe¯n ap¼p aÂkcn¨p tIm¬{Kknse at\mlc³ amÌtdmSp ]cmPbs¸« ]Ån{]w _mes\ Cd¡paXn Øm\mÀ°nsb¶ te_ NmÀ¯n {]Xntcm[n¡m\mWv Ahkm\L«¯n bp.Un.F^vþUn.sF.kn {iaw. Ignª XhW kn.]n.sFbnse Fw.Ipamc³ 6978 thm«n\p hnPbn¨ aWvUeamWnXv.

aWvUe¯n kn. ]n. Fwþkn.]n.sF I£nIÄ X½nepÅ ]Se]nW¡w Xmtg¯«n ]cnlcn¡s¸SmsX InS¡p¶Xv Un.sF.kn¡v t\cnb Bizmk¯n\v hI \ÂIp¶p. _n.sP.]nbnse kn.sI.hÂke³ ]mÀ«nbpsS Icp¯v sXfnbn¡m³ {]hÀ¯\cwK¯v kPohamWv.

Xr¡cn¸qÀ

Dinc³ t]mcm«sa¶Xne¸pdw ^es¯¡pdn¨v BÀ¡pw B[nbnÃm¯ aWvUew. F¡mehpw CSXns\ am{Xw XpW¨ Ncn{Xw. Ignª XhW sI.]n.kXoivN{µ³ t\SnbXv 17009 thm«nsâ `qcn]£w.

PnÃbn kn.]n.F½nsâ apXnÀ¶ t\Xmhmb sI.Ipªncmas\ C´y³ tPkokv {]knUsⶠ\nebn A´mcmjv{SXe¯n {]iwk t\Snb DÖze\mb hmÜnbpw t\Xr]cnioeI\pamb tIm¬{Kknse AUz.F.hn.hma\IpamÀ t\cnSpt¼mÄ kn.]n.F½nsâ `qcn]£w IqSptam Ipdbptam F¶XmWv tNmZyw.

I¿qcpw IcnshÅqcpw ]mSn¨mepapÄs¸Sp¶ hn¹ht]mcm«¯nsâ a®n `qcn]£w Ipdbp¶Xp t]mepw kn.]n.F½n\v kln¡m³ {]bmkamWv. hma\IpamdmIs« {]NmcWcwK¯v \ndªp \n¶v Nph¸ptIm«bn sNdpXmsb¦nepw CSnhp X«n¡m\pÅ {ia¯nemWv.

XpS¡¯n Øm\mÀYnXzs¯ sNmÃn tIm¬{Kkn\I¯pWvSmb `n¶XIÄ ]cnlcn¨Xv hma\Ipamdn\v BizmktaIp¶ Imcyw. _n.sP. ]n bnse Sn.Ipªncma\pw ChnsS aÂkccwK¯pWvSv.

lm{SnIv tXSn sI.kp[mIc³

Fw.tdmbv

I®qcnteXv Hcp {]tXyI cmjv{SobamWv. Xos¸mcn t\Xm¡fpw kwLÀj§fpw \ndª X«pXIÀ¸³ cmjv{Sobw. ]mÀ«n GXmbmepw I®qcnse t\Xm¡Ä¡v Dincp IqSpw. sI.kp[mIc³ Cu KW¯n ap¶n \n¡p¶ tIm¬{Kkv t\XmhmWv.

I®qcnse tIm¬{Kkv ]mÀ«n PnÃbv¡v ]pdt¯¡v Adnbs¸Sp¶Xv kp[mIc\neqsSbmWv. sI.]n.kn.kn sk{I«dn IqSnbmb Ct±lw C¶v tIm¬{Kknse F®s¸« t\XmhpamWv. F.sI. BâWn a{´n k`bn h\w þ kvt]mÀSvkv hIp¸v ssIImcyw sNbvXv `cW Xe¯nepw anIhv Im«nb kp[mIc³ lm{SnIv hnPbw tXSn I®qÀ aWvUe¯n aq¶mw h«w aÕcn¡p¶p.

I®qÀ cmjv{Sob¯nsâ KpWhpw tZmjhpw Bthmfw Btcm]n¡s¸«n«pÅ kp[mIc³ cmjv{Sob FXncmfnIfpsS B{IaW§Ä¡v \nch[n XhW Ccbmbn«pWvSv. t_mw_m{IaW§fn \n¶v `mKyw sImWvSp am{XamWv ]et¸mgpw c£s¸«Xv. sImet¡kpIfS¡w \nch[n tIkpIÄ kp[mIc\pta ]et¸mgmbn NmÀ¯s¸«n«pWvSv. Bt£]§fpw Btcm]W§fpw At±l¯ns\Xnsc ]e Xe§fn \n¶psamgpIn. F¶m cmjv{Sobambn Xs¶ XIÀ¡m\pÅ FXncmfnIfpsS IpX{´§fmWnsXms¡sb¶v ]dªv kp[mIc³ \nhÀ¶p Xs¶ \n¶p. tIkpIÄ Hmtcm¶mbn Hgnªpt]mbn. Btcm]W§fpsS ap\ Xms\ HSnªp.

C¯hW sXcsªSp¸v {]Jym]n¨Xn\ptijhpw kp[mIc³ Hcp tIkn {]Xn tNÀ¡s¸«p. kn.]n.Fw t\Xmhv C.]n. PbcmPs\ B{Ôbn shSnh¨psImÃm³ {ian¨ tIknemWv ]¯phÀj¯n\p tijw a{´n Fw.hn. cmLhs\m¸w kp[mIc³ {]XnbmbXv. Cu tIkn kp[mIc³ BZyw {]Xn tNÀ¡s¸SpIbpw ]n¶oSv Hgnhm¡s¸SpIbpw sNbvXncp¶p. F¶m PbcmP³ \ÂInb lÀPn ]cnKWn¨v B{Ôm tImSXn kp[mIcs\ hoWvSpw {]Xn tNÀ¡pIbmbncp¶p.

Hcp Øm\mÀ°nsb kw_Ôn¨nSt¯mfw {]NmcWthfbn Gähpw {]XnIqeambn _m[n¡mhp¶ kw`hamWnXv. F¶m cmjv{Sob KqVmtemN\bmWnsX¶v ]dªv kp[mIc³ ]p©ncntbmsS CXv XÅn¡fbp¶p. cmjv{Sob FXncmfnIsf IÅt¡kn IpSp¡p¶Xv ]pXpabpÅ kw`haÃm¯ I®qcn thm«Àamcnepw CXv kzm[o\w sNep¯nsöv bp.Un.F^v t\Xm¡Ä ]dbp¶p. kp[mIc³ Ggmw XhWbmWv \nbak`bnte¡v aÂkcn¡p¶Xv. BZyw \nbak`bnse¯p¶Xv FS¡mSv \n¶mWv. AXmIs« tImSXn hn[n hgnbpw. 1991þse sXcsªSp¸nembncp¶p Cu hnPbw. kn.]n.F½nse H. `cXsâ hnPbw Akm[phm¡n sslt¡mSXn kp[mIcs\ hnPbnbmbn {]Jym]n¡pIbmbncp¶p. aq¶c hÀjw kp[mIc³ tImSXn hn[nbneqsS Fw.FÂ.F bmbn. F¶m kp{]ow tImSXn ]n¶oSv H.`cXs\ Xs¶ hnPbnbmbn {]Jym]n¨p. FS¡m«v sam¯w aq¶p XhW aÕcn¨ kp[mIc³ Hcp XhW Xeticnbnepw aÂkcn¨ncp¶p.

hnZymÀYn kwLS\m {]hÀ¯I\mbn cmjv{Sobw XpS§nb Cu t\Xmhv tIm¬{Kknse ]nfÀ¸ns\ XpSÀ¶v kwLS\m tIm¬{Kknepw ]ns¶ P\Xm]mÀ«nbnepw {]hÀ¯n¨Xn\p tijamWv tIm¬{Kkn Xncns¨¯p¶Xv. XpSÀ¶v Un.kn.kn. {]knUâmbn. Fw.F. _ncpZ[mcnbmb Ct±lw \nba]T\w ]qÀ¯nbm¡nbn«pWvSv.

Bthiw hnXdp¶ {]kwK ssienbpsS DSabmb kp[mIc³ aWvUe¯nse Bhiy§Ä kzbadnªv {]hÀ¯n¡p¶ P\{]Xn\n[nbmWv. klmbw tXSnhcp¶hsc shdpw It¿msS aS¡mdpanÃ. kp[mIc³ {]hÀ¯IÀ¡v Bthihpw thm«ÀamÀ¡v P\{]nb\pamIp¶Xv CXpaqeamWv.

I®qÀ aWvUew bp.Un.F^nsâ Ip¯I aWvUeamWv. 1996þ tIm¬{Kkv hnaX\mbn aÕcn¨ knänwKv Fw.FÂ.F F³. cmaIrjvWs\ CSXp]£w ]n´pW¨n«pw 7284 thm«n\v kp[mIc³ hnPbn¨p. cWvSmaqg¯n kp[mIcsâ `qcn]£w 19,133 thm«mbn DbÀ¶p. sNt¦m«bnse Cu bp.Un.F^v sIm¯fw ]nSns¨Sp¡m\pÅ {ia¯nemWv C¯hW amÀIvknÌv ]mÀ«n. CSXp]£¯v LSI I£nIÄ¡pw kzX{´³amÀ¡pw \ÂInh¶ncp¶ I®qÀ aWvUe¯n C¯hW BZyambn kn.]n.Fw aÕcn¡p¶p. aq¶mw L«¯n hmt¡mhÀ {]Xo£n¨ncp¶ kp[mIc³ CtX XpSÀ¶v C¡pdn Aev]w {]Xntcm[¯nemWv.

t{SUv bqWnb³ cwK¯v Ac\qämWvSpImes¯ {]hÀ¯\ ]mc¼cyapÅ kn.]n.Fw kwØm\ I½nän AwKwhpw kn.sF.Sn.bp kwØm\ sk{I«dnbpamb sI.]n. kltZh\mWv kp[mIcs\ FXncnSp¶Xv. Ct±l¯n\p aWvUe¯nepÅ _Ôw NnÃdbÃ.

BZyambn«mWv Hcp sXcsªSp¸ns\ t\cnSp¶sX¦nepw aWvUe¯nse \nch[n sXcsªSp¸pIfn FÂ.Un.F^nsâ Aac¡mc\mbncp¶n«pWvSv kltZh³.

kn.]n.Fw hÀKob ImÀUnd¡p¶p: hoc¸ sambven

tImgnt¡mSv: \nbak`m sXcsªSp¸n kn.]n.Fw hÀKobImÀUnd¡pIbmsW¶v tIm¬{Kkv {]hÀ¯I kanXn AwKw Fw.hoc¸sambven ]{Xkt½f\¯n ]dªp. t\XrXe¯n Xs¶ ]mÀ«n PmXnbpsSbpw D]PmXnbpsSbpw aX¯nsâbpw t]cn hn`Pn¡s¸«ncn¡bmWv.apJya{´n Øm\t¯¡v BZyw ]msemfn apl½ZvIp«nsbbpw ]n¶oSv ANypXm\µs\bpw DbÀ¯n¡m«nbXv CXnsâ `mKambmWv.FÂ.Un.F^n hn`mKobX iàambn \ne\n¡p¶pWvSv.FÂ.Un.F^v XcwKamWv tIcf¯nepffsX¶pw GsX¦nepw hyànIfpsS t]cnepffXsöpapff ]nWdmbnbpsS {]kvXmh\bn \n¶v CXv hyàamsW¶pw sambven ]dªp.

]n.Un.]n, Pam As¯ Ckveman XpS§nb kmapZmbnI kwLS\IfpsS ]n´pW ]ckyambn tXSpI hgn kn.]n.Fw atXXc aqey§Ä _enIgn¨ncn¡bmWv.kn.]n.F½nsâ apXnÀ¶ t\Xmhv Sn.sI lwkbmWv tImb¼¯qcn t]mbn aZ\nsb¡WvSv thm«`yÀYn¨Xv.

_wKmfnepw tIcf¯nepw hnIk\Imcy¯n kn.]n.F½n\v cWvSv apJamsW¶v sambven ]dªp._wKmfn hntZi \nt£]hpw sF.Sn hnIk\hpw BImw.ChnsS CsXm¶pw ]mSnsömWv kn.]n.F½nsâ \bw. Ht«sd hnIk\ ]²XnIÄ bp.Un.F^v Kh.\S¸nem¡nbn«pWvSv. hntZi \nt£] Isc BIÀjn¡m\pw Ignªp. bp.Un.F^v 2001 se hnPbw BhÀ¯n¡psa¶pw hoc¸sambven ]dªp.

hnPbn¨m sshZypXn ]¯pcq]¡v !

s]cn´Âa®bn C¶p kzX{´\mbn P\hn[n tXSp¶ sImf¡mS³ lwkbmWv Cu {]Jym]\w \S¯nbncn¡p¶Xv.

s]cn´Âa®: Xm³ \nbak`bnte¡v hnPbn¨v h¶m C¶v cWvSmbncw cq]hsc sshZypXn _nÃv AS¨v sImWvSncn¡p¶hÀ ]¯pcq] AS¨m A{Xbpw sshZypXn e`n¡p¶ coXnbnem¡msa¶v kzX{´sâ hmKvZm\w.

s]cn´Âa®bn C¶p P\hn[n tXSp¶ sImf¡mS³ lwkbmWv Cu {]Jym]\w \S¯nbncn¡p¶Xv.

Hmtcm hoSpIfpw IpSn hyhkmb imeIfm¡n amän aWvUe¯n\pÅnse sXmgnemfnIsf apgph\pw apXemfnamcm¡n amäpI F¶XmWv Xsâ {]Jym]nX e£ysa¶pw lwk ]{Xkt½f\¯n ]dªp.

\Kc¯n CeIv{SnIv ivaim\w \nÀan¡pIbpw KXmKXIpcp¡v ]cnlcn¡phm³ \S]Sn kzoIcn¡pIbpw sN¿pw.hoSnÃm¯hÀ¡v hoSv \nÀan¡pw. \m«psshZy³amÀ, ]mc¼cysshZy³amÀ F¶nhcpsS \nba XSkw CÃmXm¡pIbpw sN¿pw. CSnan¶en \n¶v BfpIsf c£n¡phm\pÅ ]²Xn¡v cq]w \ÂIpw.

hym]mcnIÄ¡pw Irjn¡mÀ¡pw ]enibnÃm¯ ZoÀLIme hmbv] \ÂIpsa¶pw hmKvZm\§fpWvSv. No^v Ce£³ GPâv sdmWmÄUv Um\ntbepw ]s¦Sp¯p.

]mW¡mSv kvIqfn BZythm«n\v C¡pdn
inlm_v X§sf¯nÃ

ae¸pdw: hÀj§fmbn ]mW¡mSv FÂ.]n. kvIqfn BZyw thm«psN¿ms\¯p¶ apkvenweoKv kwØm\ {]knUâv ]mW¡mSv kbnZvapl½Zen inlm_v X§Ä C¡pdn thm«psN¿ms\¯nÃ.
Atacn¡bn NnInÂkbnembXn\memWv At±l¯n\v C¯hW thm«p sN¿m³ IgnbmsX h¶Xv. ]mW¡mSv kn.sI.Fw.Fw. FÂ.]n kvIqfn BZythm«dmbn sXcªSp¸v thfbn F¶pw F¯mdpÅXv inlm_v X§fmWv.

{]hÀ¯ItcmsSm¸w t\cs¯ thm«p tcJs¸Sp¯n aS§pIbmWv ]Xnhv. Ignª Znhkw \ncymXbmb inlm_v X§fpsS ]Xv\n sjco^ _ohnbpw CtX kvIqfnemWv thm«p sNbvXncp¶Xv.

hJ^v t_mÀUv sNbÀam³ ]mW¡mSv kbnZv Daden inlm_v X§Ä, apkvenweoKv ae¸pdw PnÃm P\d sk{I«dn sslZcen inlm_v X§Ä,bq¯v eoKv kwØm\ {]knUâv ]mW¡mSv kbnZv kmZnJen inlm_v X§Ä, Fkv.sI.Fkv.Fkv.F^v kwØm\ {]knUâv ]mW¡mSv Aºmken inlm_v X§Ä F¶nhÀ¡pw ]mW¡mSv kvIqfnse ]Xns\«mw \¼À _q¯nemWv thm«v.

kp[mIcs\Xntc knUn {]ZÀi\w:
CeIvj³ I½oj\p ]cmXn

I®qÀ: I®qÀ \ntbmPIaWvUe¯nse bp.Un.F^v. Øm\mÀYn sI.kp[mIcsâ kzImcy PohnXs¯ tamiambn Nn{XoIcn¡p¶ coXnbn aWvUe¯nsâ hnhn[ `mK§fn FÂ.Un.F^nsâ t\XrXz¯n hoUntbm knUn {]ZÀin¸n¡p¶Xns\Xntc CeIvj³ I½oj\v kp[mIcsâ No^v CeIvj³ GPâv AUz. Sn.]n. lco{µ³ ]cmXn \evIn.

ap³ Un.kn.kn sk{I«dn ]pjv]cmPns\Xntc DWvSmb B{IaWhpw kp[mIcsâ sNss¶ bm{XIfpw aäpw ]cmaÀin¨mWv knUn Xbmdm¡nbncn¡p¶Xv. kp[mIcs\Xnsc tIm¬{Kkv t\Xm¡fmb cmPvtaml³ D®n¯m\pw ]n.cmaIrjvW\pw ]WvSp \S¯nb ]cmaÀi§fpw knUnbn DÄs¸Sp¯nbn«pWvSv.

¹m¨naS F¶ ]penaS

cWvSmw L« sXcsªSp¸ns\ A`napJoIcn¨psImWvSv tIcf¯nsâ hS¡³ PnÃIfnse s]mXpP\w C¶v t]mfnwKv _q¯nte¡p heXpIm hbv¡p¶p. \m«n \SamSp¶ AgnaXn A{Ia§Äs¡Xntc FdWmIpfw apX hSt¡m«pÅ Bdp PnÃIfnse thm«ÀamÀ X§fpsS ssIbnse Ahkm\s¯ Bbp[w ]pds¯Sp ¡pIbmWv.

hnes¸« B ASbmfw {]Xntj[¯nsâþ {]Xntcm[¯nsâ Bbp[w am{XaÃ. AhcpsS {]XymiIfpsSbpw {]Xo£IfpsSbpw {]Xncq]w IqSnbmWv. A´na hn[nsbgp¯n\p P\w XbmdmIpt¼mÄ ¹m¨naS F¶ ]penaSbnte¡v Hsc¯nt\m«w.

BkIew cmjv{Sob]mÀ«nIsfbpw Htct]mse shÅw IpSn¸n¨, s]mXpP\¯nsâ shÅwIpSn Fs¶t¶bv¡pambn ap«n¨ km£m ¹m¨naS! cmjv{Sob¡mcpw _lpP\ kwLS\Ifpw Bhp¶ Xc¯nsems¡ {]XnIcn¨n«pw þ kac {]t£m` ]cn]mSnIfpambn apt¶m«p t]mbn«pw tImf¡¼\n AhnsS \nÀ_m[w sImehnfn XpSÀ¶ p sImWvSn cn¡p¶p.

_lpcmjv{S `oa\mWv þ Ip¯IbmWv, XÃns¡m¶mepw ap¡ns¡m¶mepw Cc«n iàntbmsS hoWvSpw XSn¨p sImgp¡pat{X! A¯mg¸«nWn¡mcs\ IÅt¡kn IpSp¡n Ahs\ hgnbm[mcam¡p¶ ]Xnhp\¼cpambn tImf¡¼\ntbmSv Gäpap«m\mhnsöv AdnbpI.

ap³]v C´ysb AS¡n `cn¨ncp¶ {_n«ojv CuÌv C´ym I¼\nsb sI«psI«n¡m³ KmÔnPnbpsS t\XrXz¯n kzmX{´y kac tk\m\nIÄ Fs´Ãmw XymK§Ä kln¨p. \mSnsâ tamN\¯n\pthWvSn F{Xt]cpsS Poh³ _enbÀ¸n¨p? sIm¡t¡mfbpsS Imcy¯n C\n thWvSXv asämcp kzmX{´ykacw Xs¶bmsW¶v a\knem¡nbXpsImWvSmIptam Ft´m \½psS cmjv{Sob I£nIsfms¡ ¹m¨naSbv¡p ]pdw Xncnªp\n¡p¶p.

¹m¨naSbpsS bYmÀY Nn{Xw CXmIsh, tImf¡¼\nbpsS Ccbmbn amdnb \m«pImÀ C\n thm«p sN¿p¶Xv BÀ¡pthWvSnbmhpw? _lpcmjv{S Ip¯Isb Xpc¯m³ Ignbm¯ ]mÀ«nIÄ¡v ¹m¨naS¡mÀ X§fpsS hnetbdnb k½XnZm\ AhImiw hn\ntbmKn¡ptam?

tNmZy¯n\p ap¼n cmjv{Sob ]mÀ«nIÄ Hs¶m¶mbn shÅw IpSn¨pt]mIp¶p. \nÀ`mKyhim Hcp XpÅn ip²Pew e`yaÃm¯Xn\mÂ, tImfI¼\n¡mÀ ¹m¨naSbnÂ, `qanbpsS adp]pdw hsc Xpd¶v shÅaqänbXn\m C\n Ip¸nbn AS¨ shÅw Xs¶ icWw.

"kmÀ, an\d hm«À, ¢_v tkmUbmWp thWvSsX¦n .......bpWvSv. Hcp _nbÀ ASn¨ kpJw sbh³ Xcpw. kmdn\p In¡pt]msc¶psWvS¦n þ skmb¼³ sIm¡t¡mfXs¶ Hsc®w FSp¡mw. cWvSp emÀPSn¨ kpJw kmdn\p KymcWvSn. F´m kmÀ FSp¡t«m?

HSphn In«nb hmÀ¯

tImf¡p¸nbn KÀ` \ntcm[\ Dd.

"IqfmhWw kmÀ, kmdnsâ A\mimky {]hÀ¯\§Ä Cuknbm¡phm³ C\n Hcp Ip¸n tImf IqSn IcpXq...'.

P\hn[n tXSn Chcnd§p¶p

cWvSmwL« sXcsªSp¸n C¶p 437 Øm\mÀYnIÄ P\hn[n t\Spw.FdWmIpfw, XriqÀ, ]me¡mSv, tImgn t¡mSv, ae¸pdw,hb\mSv F¶n§s\ Bdp PnÃIfnembn aÕccwK¯p Å {]apJØm\mÀ YnIÄ NphsS.

FdWmIpfw PnÃ

A¦amen

]n.sP. tPmbn (tIm¬{Kkv), tPmkv sXäbn (P\XmZÄ), F.sI. \koÀ (_n.sP.]n)

hSt¡¡c

Fw.sP. N{µtiJc³ (Un.sF.kn), Fkv.iÀa (kn.]n.Fw), Fw.F. {_lvacmPv (_n.sP.]n).

]dhqÀ

hn.Un. kXoi³ (tIm¬{Kkv), sI.Fw. Zn\Ic³ (kn.]n.sF), hn.F³. kp\nÂIpamÀ (_n.sP.]n).

Rmdbv¡Â

]n.hn. {io\nPn³ (tIm¬{Kkv), Fw.sI. ]pcptjm¯a³ (kn.]n.Fw), hn.BÀ. PntPjv (_n.sP.]n).

FdWmIpfw

sI.hn. tXmakv (tIm¬{Kkv), Fw.Fw. temd³kv (kn.]n. Fw), s\Sp¼mticn chn (_n. sP.]n).

a«mt©cn

hn.sI. C{_mlnwIpªv (bp.Un.F^v), Fw.kn. tPmkss^³ (kn.]n.Fw), {]^. amXyp ss]en (_n.sP.]n).

]Åpcp¯n

sUman\nIv {]ktâj³ (tIm¬{Kkv), kn.Fw. Znt\ivaWn (kn.]n.Fw), sI.F³. D®n (_n.sP.]n).

Xr¸qWn¯pd

sI._m_p (tIm¬.), sI. F³. cho{µ\mYv (kn.]n. Fw), i¦c\mcmbW³ (_n.sP. ]n).

Beph

sI. apl½Zen (tIm¬.), F. Fw. bqk^v (kn.]n. Fw), ]n.Fw. thembp[³ (_n.sP. ]n).

s]cp¼mhqÀ

jm\ntamÄ Dkvam³ (tIm¬) kmPp t]mÄ (kn.]n.Fw), kn.hn. cm[mIrjvW³ (_n. sP.]n).

Ip¶¯p\mSv

]n.]n. X¦¨³ (tIm¬), Fw. Fw. tam\mbn (kn. ]n.Fw), sI. BÀ. cmPtKm]m (_n.sP.]n).

]ndhw

Sn.Fw. tP¡_v (Un.sF.kn), Fw.sP. tP¡_v (kn.]n.Fw), km_p hÀKokv (_n.sP.]n).

aqhmäp]pg

tPmWn s\ÃqÀ (Un.sF.kn), _m_p t]mÄ (kn.]n.sF), ]n. BÀ. hnPbIpamÀ (_n.sP. ]n).

tImXawKew

hn.sP. ]utemkv (tIm¬{Kkv), Sn.bp. Ipcphnf (tIcf tIm¬{Kkvþ sP), Fw. cmaN{µ³amÌÀ (_n.sP.]n).

XriqÀ PnÃ

tNe¡c

]n.kn aWnIWvT³(tIm¬), sI.cm[mIrjvW³(kn.]n.Fw), ]n.]n jmPptam³(_n.sP.]n).

KpcphmbqÀ

kn.F¨v djoZv(apÉow eoKv), sI.hn A_vZpÄ JmZÀ(kn.]n.Fw), tKm]n\mY³(_n.sP.]n).

aWeqÀ

Fw.sI t]mÄk¬(tIm¬), apcfn s]cps\Ãn(kn.]n.Fw), sI.Pn kp[oÀ(_n.sP.]n).

XriqÀ

tXd¼n cmaIrjvW³(tIm¬.), Fw.Fw. hÀKokv(kn.]n.Fw), kptc{µ³(_n.sP.]n).

sImSIc

sI.]n hniz\mY³(tIm¬), {]^.kn.cho{µ\mYv(kn.]n.Fw), ]ctaizc³(_n.sP.]n).

Ip¶wIpfw

hn._medmw(Un.sF.knþsI), _m_p Fw.]menticn(kn.]n.Fw), _meIrjvW³\mbÀ(_n.sP.]n).

Nme¡pSn

{]^.kmhn{Xn e£vaW³(tIm¬), _n.Un .tZhkn(kn.]n.Fw), sI.Pn kpµc³(_n.sP.]n).

hS¡mt©cn

Sn.hn N{µtaml³(Un.sF.knþsI), F.kn sambvXo³(kn.]n.Fw), C.N{µ³(_n.sP.]n).

Ccn§me¡pS

tXmakv D®nbmS³(tIcftIm¬.þFw), kn.sI N{µ³(kn.]n.Fw), ]n.Pn A\nÂIpamÀ(_n.sP.]n).

amf

Sn.bp cm[mIrjvW³(tIm¬þsF), F.sI N{µ³(kn.]n.sF), cm[m thembp[³(_n.sP.]n).

HÃqÀ

eoem½ tXmakv(tIm¬þsF), cmPmPn amXyp tXmakv(kn.]n.sF), C.hn IrjvW³ \¼qXncn(_n.sP.]n).

tNÀ¸v

Fw.sI I®³(kn.Fw.]n), hn.Fkv kp\nÂIpamÀ(kn.]n.sF),D®ncmPv(_n.sP.]n).

\m«nI

Sn.F³ {]Xm]³(tIm¬), ^m¯na A_vZpÂJmZÀ(kn.]n.sF), `oXnlc³(_n.sP.]n).

sImSp§ÃqÀ

Dtajv NÅnbnÂ(sP.Fkv.Fkv), sI.]n cmtP{µ³(kn.]n.sF), taml³ i¦À(_n.sP.]n).

]me¡mSv PnÃ

Xr¯me

]n. _me³ (tIm¬þsF), Sn.]n Ipªp®n (kn.]n.Fw), Sn. IrjvW³Ip«n (_n.sP.]n).

]«m¼n

kn.]n apl½Zv (tIm¬þsF), sI.C Ckvambn (kn. ]n.sF), AUz.]n. IrjvWIpamÀ (_n.Fkv.]n).

Hä¸mew

hn.kn I_oÀ amÌÀ (tIm¬{KkvþsF), Fw. lwk (kn.]n.Fw), sI. inhZmkv (_n.sP.]n).

{ioIrjvW]pcw

AUz. sI.]n A\nÂIpamÀ (tIm¬), sI.Fkv keoJ (kn.]n.Fw), Fw.]n \mcmbW³Ip«n (_n. sP.]n).

a®mÀ¡mSv

If¯n A_vZpà (apkvenweoKv), tPmkv t__n (kn. ]n.sF), N{µ³ (_n.sP.]n).

ae¼pg

hn.Fkv ANypXm\µ³ (kn.]n.Fw),kXoi³ ]mt¨\n (tIm¬),]n.sP tXmakv (_n.sP.]n).

]me¡mSv

F.hn tKm]n\mYv (tIm¬), sI.sI ZnhmIc³ (kn.]n.Fw), H. cmPtKm]m (_n.sP.]n).

NnäqÀ

sI. ANypX³ (tIm¬þsF), sI. IrjvW³Ip«n (P\XmZÄ skIypeÀ),AUz. PbIrjvW³ (_n.sP.]n).

sImÃt¦mSv

sI.F N{µ³ (tIm¬þsF), hn. sN´macm£³ (kn.]n. Fw), Pn. cmaN{µ³ (_n.sP.]n).

IpgÂaµw

kn. {]Imiv (tIm¬), F.sI _me³ (kn.]n.Fw), ]n.Fw Ir jvWkzman (_n.sP. ]n).

Be¯qÀ

F. cmLh³ (Un.sF. knþsI), Fw. N{µ³ (kn.]n. Fw), kÂ{]Imiv (_n.sP.]n).

ae¸pdw PnÃ

hWvSqÀ

F.]n.A\nÂIpamÀ (tIm ¬.),i¦c³ sImc¼bn (kn. ]n. Fw),sI.bp. N{µ³ (_n.sP. ]n)

\ne¼qÀ

]n. {iocmaIrjvW³ (kn.]n. Fw), BcymS³ apl½Zv (tIm ¬.), sI. {]`mIc³ (_n.sP.]n).

at©cn

]n.sI. A_vZpdºv (sF.bp. Fw.FÂ), F.]n. A_vZpÄ hlm_v (sF.F³.FÂ), AUz. F³. {io{]Imiv (_n.sP. ]n).

ae¸pdw

AUz. ]n.Fw. k^dpÅ (P\XmZÄþFkv), AUz. Fw. D½À (sF.bp.Fw.FÂ),AUz. sI. Znt\iv (_n.sP.]n).

sImtWvSm«n

sI. apl½Zp®nlmPn (sF.bp.Fw.FÂ), Sn.]n. apl½ZvIp«n (kn.]n.Fw), Ad¯n kp{_ÒWy³ (_n.sP.]n).

Xncqc§mSn

Ip«n Al½Zv Ip«n (sF.bp. Fw.FÂ), sI. sambvXo³tImb (kn.]n.sF), AUz. F³. Achnµ³ (_n.sP.]n).

Xm\qÀ

A_vZpdlnam³ cWvS¯mWn (sF.bp.Fw.FÂ), ]n.sI. apl½ZpIp«n (kzX{´³) Fw. PbN{µ³ (_n.sP.]n)

XncqÀ

]n.]n. A_vZpÅIp«n(kn.]n. Fw), C.Sn. apl½Zv _joÀ (sF. bp.Fw.FÂ), AUz. Fw. sI. Pbi¦À (_n.sP.]n).

s]m¶m\n

]mtemfn apl½Zv Ip«n (kn.]n.Fw), Fw.]n. KwKm[c³ (Un.sF.knþsI), tim`m kptc{µ³ (_n.sP.]n).

Ipän¸pdw

]n.sI. Ipªmen¡p«n (sF.bp.Fw.FÂ), sI.Sn. Peo (kzX.)

a¦S

aªfmwIpgn Aen (kzX.), Fw.sI. ap\oÀ (sF.bp.Fw. FÂ),tUm. Ipamcn kpIpamc³ (_n.sP.]n).

s]cn´Âa®

iinIpamÀ (kn.]n.Fw), ]n. A_vZpÄ laoZv (sF.bp.Fw. FÂ), kXotZhn (_n.sP.]n).

tImgnt¡mSv PnÃ

Xncph¼mSn

Fw.kn ambn³lmPn (apkvenweoKv), a¯mbn Nmt¡m (kn. ]n.Fw), AUz. APn¯vIpamÀ (_n.sP. ]n).

sImSphÅn

sI. apcfo[c³ (Un.sF.knþ sI), AUz. ]n.Sn.F dlow (kzX{´³), sI. kltZh³ (_n.sP.]n)

ta¸bqÀ

sI.sI. eXnI (kn.]n.Fw), Sn.Sn. Ckvabn (apkvenweoKv), {]`mIc³ amÌÀ (_n.sP.]n)

tImgnt¡mSv H¶v

AUz. F. kpP\]m (sF. F³.kn), F. {]Zo]vIpamÀ (kn. ]n.Fw), s{]m^. kpaXnlcnZmkv (_n.sP.]n.).

tImgnt¡mSv cWvSv

Sn.]n.Fw. kmlnÀ (apkvenweoKv), AUz. ]n.Fw.F. kemw (sF.F³.FÂ), ]n. thembp[³ (_n.sP.]n).

t_¸qÀ

Ffacw Icow (kn.]n.Fw), D½À ]mWvSnIime (apkvenweo Kv), sI.]n. {ioi³ ( _n.sP. ]n).

IpµawKew

kn.]n._me³ sshZyÀ (kn. ]n.Fw), bp.kn. cma³ (kzX {´ ³), sI.sI. `cX³ (_n.sP. ]n.)

hSIc

s]m¶md¯v _meIrjvW³ (sF.F³.kn), AUz. Fw.sI. t{]w\mYv (P\XmZÄþFkv), ]n.Fw. AtimI³ ( _n.sP.]n.).

\mZm]pcw

AUz. Fw. hocm³Ip«n (sF.F³.kn), _nt\mbv hnizw (kn.]n.sF), AUz. Fw. {]Imiv_m_p (_n.sP.]n).

sImbnemWvSn

AUz. ]n. i¦c³ (Un.sF. kn), ]n. hniz³ (kn.]n.Fw), hn.hn. cmP³ (_n.sP.]n.).

t]cm{¼

Pbnwkv sX¡\mSv (tIcf tIm¬), sI. Ipª½Zv amÌÀ (kn.]n.Fw),tUm. cmP³ sI. ASntbmSn (_n.sP. ]n).

_mepticn

F.sI. iio{µ³ (F³.kn. ]n.), sI. _meIrjvW³ InSmhv (sF.F³.kn), Fw.kn. iio{µ³ (_n.sP.]n).

hb\mSv PnÃ

kp¯m³ _t¯cn

]n.IrjvW{]kmZv (kn.]n. Fw), F³.Un.A¸¨³ (Un.sF. kn),]n. ]ß\m`³ (_n.sP.]n).

I¸ä

sI.sI. cmaN{µ³ (tIm¬), Fw.hn. t{ibmwkvIpamÀ (P\XmZÄ Fkv), AUz. ]n. BÀ. _meIrjvW³ (_n.sP.]n).

hSt¡ hb\mSv

]n. _me³ (Fw. FÂ), sI. kn. Ipªncma³ (kn. ]n. Fw),]n. cmaN{µ³ (_n. sP.]n).

hb\mSn\p _m[yXbmb Imcm¸pg ]²Xn

tPmkv ImSbn X«ne

aetbmfw {]Xo£IÄ \ÂInbmWp \ndsb aeIfpÅ hb\m«nte¡p Imcm¸pg ]²Xnsb¯nbXv. ]²XnbpsS BZyIme¯p {]Xo£n¨ncp¶ sNehmIs« Ggp tImSnbpw. hÀj§Ä Ccp]¯©p Ignªp, ap¶qdp tImSntbmfw cq] sNehmIpIbpw sNbvXp.

]t£ Imcm¸pg ]²Xn ]qÀ¯nbmIpIam{XapWvSmbnÃ. C\nbpw F{X tImSnIÄ Hgp¡nbmemWp ]²Xn ]qÀ¯nbmhpI F¶ Imcyw sXfn¨p]dbm³ Ct¸mgpw kÀ¡mcn t\m IcmdpImÀt¡m km[n¡p¶panÃ.

1980þ ]²Xn XpS§pt¼mÄ PnÃbnse ImÀjnI taJebn PetkN\ kuIcyw F¯n¡p I F¶Xmbncp¶p e£yw. A ¶pWvSmbncp¶ ]e IÀjIcpw C¶nÃ. hÀj§Ä ]eXp Ignªt¸mÄ sImSpwhcĨ hb\m«pImÀ¡p ]pXpabÃmXmbn. ImSpsh«ns¯fn¨p hb\mS³ aeIfn Irjnbnd¡nb IÀjI\p I®p\ocp am{Xambn {]Xn^ew.

IÀjIÀ ISmizmk¯n\mbn apdhnfn Iq«pt¼mgpw AsXm¶pw Adnª a«p \Sn¡m¯ amdn amdn h¶ kÀ¡mcpIÄ ]WnXn«pw ]Wn ]qÀ¯nbmIm¯ ]²Xn¡pthWvSn tImSnIfmWp sNehgn¨psImWvSncn¡p¶Xv. Cu ]²Xn BÀ¡pthWvSn F¶ tNmZy¯n\v Ccpap¶WnIfpw D¯cw ]dbWsa¶mWp sXcsªSp¸pthfbn hb\mS³ P\X Bhiys¸Sp¶Xv.

P\§fpsS {]Xntj[w iàambt¸mÄ ]²Xn `mKnIambn I½oj³ sN¿m\pw kÀ¡mÀ ad¶nÃ. Ggp tImSn 60 e£w cq] FÌntaän«v 1980 \nÀamWw Bcw`n¨ ]²Xn¡v 2004 amÀ¨v hsc sNehmbXv 204 tImSn 56 e£w. ]n¶oSpÅ \nÀamW {]hÀ¯\§Ä¡pw tImSnIÄ sNehmbn¡gnªp.

hb\mSv PnÃbnse 5,221 slIvSÀ Øes¯ Irjn Bhiy¯n\mbn Pesa¯n¡pI F¶ e£yt¯msSbmWp ]²Xn.

CXphsc ]²XnbpsS {] tbmP\w e`n¨Xv CXpambn _ Ôs¸« Iptd DtZymKØÀ¡pw \nch[n cmjv{Sob t\Xm¡Ä¡pw Nne IcmdpImÀ¡pw am{X amWv.

]²Xn Bhiy¯n\mbn \nch[n IÀjI IpSpw_§fmWp IpSnsbmgn¸n¡s¸«Xv. \maam{Xamb {]Xn^ew hm§n IpSnsbmgnªpt]mb IÀj I cmcpw CXphsc c£s¸«n«nà F¶XmWp hkvXpX. Cu {]tZis¯ BZnhmkn IpSpw_§fpsS ]p\c[nhmkhpw ]qÀ W ambn«nÃ.

hb\mSv PnÃbnse Fähpw ^e`qbnjvSamb `qanbmWv ]²Xn¡pthWvSn sXcsªSp¯Xv. ssh¯ncn Xmeq¡nse hmghäbnemWv ]²XnbpsS {][m\ Umw. 1999þse ]pXnb FÌntaäv 353 tImSnbmbncp¶p. 62 kvIzbÀ IntemaoädmWp ]²Xn {]tZiambn \nÀWbn¨ncn¡p¶Xv.

{][m\ Uman\v 625 aoäÀ \ofapWvSv. Imcm¸pg Uman shÅw \ndbpt¼mÄ Ihnªpt]mImXncn¡m\mbn aq¶p sNdnb UmapIÄ IqSnbpWvSv. Not§cn, ]m¡w, sNdp]ä F¶nh. 1978 G{]nen ¹m\nwKv I½oj³ AwKoIcn¨v Pqsse amkw `cWm\paXn e`n¨v Bcw`n¨ ]²XnbmWp hb\mSns\ hngp§n s¡mWvSncn¡p¶Xv.

Uman \n¶pw shÅw PnÃbpsS hnhn[ `mK§fnte¡v Hgp¡p¶Xn\mbn I\mepIfpsS \nÀamWhpw \S¡p¶pWvSv. c WvSpamkw ap¼p Imcm¸pg Umansâ \nÀamWw \S¡pt¼mÄ \nÀamWw ]qÀ¯nbmb I\m XIÀ¶phoWp. tPmenbnte Às¸«ncp¶ Hcp sXmgnemfn kw`hØe¯ph¨pXs¶ acWaSbpIbpw sNbvXp. Cu kw`h¯n \m«pImÀ {]Xntj[hpambn cwKs¯¯nbncp¶p. ]²Xn {]tZi¯p e£§Ä sNehgn¨mWv Hm^okpw Ccp]tXmfw A\p_Ô sI«nS§fpw hÀ¡vtjm¸pw \nÀan¨ncn¡p¶Xv. hÀ¡vtjm¸v ImSpIbdnb \nebnemWv.

Fs¶¦nepw\nÀamWw ]qÀ¯nbmbm¯s¶ ]ns¶bpw AäIpä¸WnIÄ¡mbn tImSnIÄ sNehgnt¡WvSnhcpw. AXn\nsS Uman t_m«v kÀhokv XpS§phm\pw hi§fn ]q t´m«w h¨p]nSn¸n¨v at\mlcam¡n SqdnÌv tI{µam¡m\pw \o¡apWvSv.

]²Xnbpambn _Ôs¸«v FkväntaäpIÄ C\nbpw ]pXp¡mw. ]pXnbh DWvSm¡mw. F ¶m ]²XnbpsS KpWw A\p`hn¡m³ Cu Xeapd¡p Ignbptam F¶p IÀjIÀ¡p kwibw.

P\hn[n tXSn IS¶¸Ån hoWvSpw

kz´w teJI³

H«pw tami¡mc\à IS¶¸Ån cmaN{µ³. C.sI. \mb\msc hscASnbdhp ]dbn¨ BfmWt±lw. tXmÂ]n¨Xv bp.Un.F^v Øm\mÀYnsb¶ te_enemsW¦n Ct¸mÄ FS¡mSv aWvUe¯n aÕcn¡p¶Xv FÂ.Un.F^v Øm\mÀYnbmbmsW¶ amäapWvSv.

\mb\msc 1970þ ImkÀ tKmUv temIvk`m aWvUe¯nemWv IS¶¸Ån tXm Â]n¨Xv. A¶v sI.Fkv.bp kwØm\ {]knUâmbncp¶p At±lw. "77þ CtX aWvUe¯n kn.]n.F½nse cma®tdsbbpw IS¶¸Ån tXm¸n¨p. \mb\msc tXmÂ]n¨ IS¶¸Ån C¶v FÂ.Un.F^nse F® s¸« t\XmhmWv. FS¡ms« X §fpsS knänwKv koämWv IS¶¸Ån¡pthWvSn kn.]n.Fw aÕcn¡m³ hn«psImSp¯Xv. IS¶¸ÅnbpsS hnPb¯n\pthWvSn kn.]n.Fw {]hÀ¯IÀ C hnsS hnbÀs¸mgp¡pIbpw sN¿p¶p. BZÀi ]cnthjw ssI tamiw hcm¯ A]qÀhw t\Xm¡fn HcmfmWv IS¶¸Ån.

Ccn¡qdn \n¶v 1980 \nbak`mwKamb Ct±lw t]cmhqcn \n¶v 87þepw 91þepw aÕcns¨¦nepw tXmäp. 1996þ I ®qÀ temIvk`m aWvUe¯n aÕcn¨t¸mgpw tXÂhnbmbncp¶p ^ew. IS¶¸Ånsb t]m semcp t\Xmhv \nbak`bn CSXp]£¯pWvSmIW sa¶ ]nWdmbn hnPbsâ B{Kl^eamWv At±l¯n sâ FS¡ms« Øm\m ÀYn Xzw.

1978 tIm¬{Kkv ]nfÀ¶ t¸mÄ F.sI. BâWn¡pw a äpw H¸w \n¶v 80þ CSXp ] £s¯¯n. 82þ \mb\mÀ a{´nk`sb adn¨n«v BâWnbpw Iq«cpw tIm¬{Kkvþ sF bnte¡v aS§nsb¦nepw IS¶¸Ån CSXns\m¸w Dd¨p \n¶p.

]n.kn. Nmt¡mbpw sI.]n. D®nIrjvW\pw AS¡w A¶p IqsS\n¶hcn ]ecpw ]n¶oSpw hn«pt]mbns¡mWvSncps¶¦nepw IS¶¸Ån¡v a\kp amä ap WvSm bnÃ.

IS¶¸ÅnbpsS tIm¬{KkvþFkv CXn\nSbn icZv ]hmdnsâ F³. kn.]ns¡m¸w tNÀ¶p. F¶m A[nIw Ignbpapt¼ IS¶¸Ån F³.kn.]n. hn«v tIm¬{KkvþFkv ]p\cpÖohn¸n¨p. F¶m t\Xm¡fn hensbmcp `mKw F³.kn.]nbn Xs¶ XpSÀ¶p. ]p\cpÖohn¸n¨ tIm¬{Kkvþ Fkn  \n¶v hn.kn. I_odS¡w ]ns¶bpw sImgnªpt]m¡pWvSmbn. ]mÀ«n Npcp§n Npcp§n Xosc sNdpXmsb¦nepw cmjv{Sob PohnX¯n ]peÀ¯p¶ hnip²naqew IS¶¸Ån F¶ t\Xmhv sNdpXm bn«n Ã.

Un.sF.kn PnÃm {]knUâm b sI.kn. IS¼qcm\mWv IS¶¸Ånsb FS¡m«v t\cnSp¶Xv. sI.]n.kn.kn sk{I«dnbmbncp¶p Ct±lw. tIm¬{Kkn \n¶v hn«pt]mb IS¼qcm³ hoWvSpw bp.Un.F^v ]mfb¯n Xncns¨¯nbXnsâ {]I¼\§Ä AS§n hcp¶sXbpÅq. ap³ ]«mf Iym]vä\mb IS¼qcmsâ cWvSmas¯ aÕcamWv FS¡mt«Xv. Xeticnbn '96þ aÕcns¨¦nepw tXmäp. A¿mbnc t¯mfw thm«nsâ am{Xw `qcn ]£apÅ FS¡m«v ^e{]hN\w A{X Ffp¸aÃ.

IS¶¸Ånbpw IS¼qcm\pw FS¡mSv aWvUe¯nse Xmak¡mcmWv. cmjv{Sob thm«pIÄ¡p ]pdsa hyàn_豈 aqeapÅ thm«pIfpw Ccp Øm\mÀYnIÄ¡pw ChnsSbpWvSv. _n.sP.]n. PnÃm sshkv {]knUâv F³.sI.C. N{µtiJc³ \¼qXncnbmWv _n.sP.]n. Øm\mÀYn.

XangI¯p Nm\Â bp²w

APojv N{µ³

Xangv\m«n cmjv{Sobw I¯n¸Scpt¼mgpw Ccpap¶WnIfpw hcpwIme km¼¯nI em`¯nemWv I®p sh¡p¶Xv. C¡mcy¯n Un.Fw.sIbmWv ap¶nÂ. ap¶Wnbnse Gähpw h enb [\Imcyk{am«v Iem\n[namcs\ IpSnsbmgn¸n¡m³ km£m PbefnX ]Tn¨ ] Wn ]Xns\«pw t\m¡nbn«pw \S¶nÃ.

9,000 tImSn cq]bpsS BkvXnbpambmWv Iem\n[namc³ Xangv cmjv{Sob¯nsâ ]n³_e¯n Xsâ hyhkmb hmWnPy km{amPyw sI«n¸Sp¯ncn¡p¶Xv. Xq¡p a{´nk`bmbncn¡pw Xangv\m«n hcnIsb¶ kÀtÆ^ew IqSn ]pd¯p h¶tXmsS Iem\n[namcsâ _nkn\kv km{amPy¯n ]Ww apS¡m³ cmPy¯n\I¯pw ]pd¯pw \n¶mbn At\Imbnc§Ä Iyq \n¡pIbmWv. C¶se Xs¶ Iem\n[namcsâ DaSØXbnepÅ k¬SnhnbpsS Hmlcnbn KWyamb hÀ²\hmWv tcJs¸Sp¯nbXv.

tI{µhmÀ¯mhn\nab hIp¸pa{´n Zbm\n[namcsâ ktlmZc\mWv Iem\n[namc³. Nm\ XpS§nbXn ]ns¶ Un. Fw.sIbpsS Xpdp¸pNo«pIsf¶pw k¬Sn.hn s\äphÀ¡p Xs¶bmWv. sNss¶bnse Un. Fw.sI. Hm^okv hf¸n Xs¶bmWv k¬ Sn.hnbpsS tImÀ¸tdäv Hm^okv {]hÀ¯n ¡p ¶Xpw.

Xangv\m«n k¬ Sn.hnbpw A\p_Ô Nm\epIfpw ImWp¶Xv 47 iXam\t¯mfw t{]£IcmWv. CXn Xs¶ 80 iXam\t¯mfw tI_nÄ irwJebpw kwØm\¯p ssIbS¡n h¨ncn¡p¶Xpw k¬ Sn.hn Xs¶bmWv. amc³ IpSpw_¯nsâ kPoh ]n´pWtbmsS Xangv \m«nse am[yacwKw A¸msS ssIbS¡n ]nSn¨ncn¡p¶ k¬ s\äphÀ¡ns\ XfbnSm³ PbefnX \nbak`bn tI_nÄ \nbaw sImWvSp hcm³ {iaw \S¯nsb¦nepw sXcsªSp¸p {]Jym]\w Imcy§sf amänadn¨p.

kÀ¡mÀ \nb{´W¯nepÅ tI_nÄ irwJebv¡p am{Xta kwØm\¯p {]hÀ¯\m\paXn \ÂIp F¶Xmbncp¶p PbbpsS \ne]mSv. CXneqsS k¬ Sn.hn s\äphÀ¡n\p Iq¨p hne§nSmsa¶p Pb IcpXnsb¦nepw `mKyw Iem\n[n amc\p H¸ambncp¶p. Z£ntW´ybnemsI 14 Nm\epIfpambn C´ybn Xs¶ cWvSmw Øm\¯pÅ k¬ Sn.hn s\äphÀ¡n\p \nch[n F^v. Fw tdUntbm Nm\epIÄ, cWvSp Zn\]{X§Ä, \mep amknIIÄ F¶nhbpapWvSv. Chbv¡p ]pdta Smäbpambn tNÀ¶p Un.Sn.F¨v kwhn[m\w IqSn \S¸nem¡m\pÅ {ia¯nemWv Iem\n[namc³.

Cu e£yw ap³\nÀ¯nbmWv Un.Fw.sI {]IS\]{XnIbn Zmcn{Zy tcJbv¡p XmsgbpÅ Sn.hnbnÃm¯ IpSpw_§Äs¡Ãmw IfÀ Sn.hn hmKvZm\w sNbvXXpw. PbefnXbpsS F.sF.F.Un.Fw.sI kÀ¡mÀ Xncn¨p A[nImc¯n h¶p tI_nÄ Sn.hn s\äphÀ¡n\p XSbn«mepw UbdIvSv Sp tlmw F¶ Un.Sn.F¨v kwhn[m\apÅXpsImWvSv amc³ IpSpw_¯n\p ehteiw `ojWnbmInsöXmWv h kv XpX.

27þmw hbkn cmjv{Sob¯n F¯ns¸Sp¶Xn \n¶pw hyXykvXambn hyhkmb temIs¯¯nb Iem\n[n amc³ k¬ Sn.hnbv¡p XpS¡anSpt¼mÄ FÃm hn[ A\p{Kl§fpambn Un.Fw.sI Xeh³ IsseRvPÀ IcpWm\n[n ]n¶nÂXs¶bpWvSmbncp¶p. k¬ Sn.hnbpsS hnPb¯n\p XSbnSm\mbn PbefnX kz´w t]cn Xs¶ Nm\ XpS§nsb¦nepw hmWnPy]camb hfÀ¨ t\Sm\mbnsöXmWv bmYmÀYyw. k¬ Sn.hn¡p FÃmhn[ klmbhpw Xangv\m«nse 12 Un.Fw. sI tI{µa{´namcpw IqSn sN¿p¶tXmsS Imcy§Ä hfsc Ffp¸hpambn.

Z£ntW´ybnse hnPbw BhÀ¯n¡m³ ]Ýna_wKmfnse BÀ.]n.Pn tI_nÄ irwJe hnes¡Sps¯¦nepw k¬ s\äphÀ¡n\p BZyambn ssI s]mÅn. D¯tc´ybntebv¡pÅ BZy DZyaw ]mfnsb¦nepw _nkn\Êv Xmc]ZhnbpÅ Smäbpambn tNÀ¶p Un.Sn.F¨v kwhn[m\¯n\pÅ hmXnepIÄ Xpd¶p In«nbXv Cu \jvS¡¨hS¯neqsSbmbncp¶p.

Smäsb CXn\p t{]cn¸n¨Xp tI{µa{´n Zbm\n[namc³ k¬ Sn.hnsb hgnhn«p klmbn¡p¶Xp IWvSmbncp¶psh¶Xv IYbpsS asämcp hiw. C¯c¯n Fs´¦nepw Btcm]Ww ]n¶oSpbÀ¶m Xs¶ AXns\ Ih¨p sh¡m³ Smäm k¬Sn.hn tbm sSm¸w ÌmÀ s\äphÀ¡pam bpw IcmÀ Dd¸n¨p Ignªp.

AtX kabw, SmämþÌmÀþ k¬ Un.Sn.F¨v Iq«ps¡«nepÄs¸« Zbm\n[n amcs\ a{´nk`bn \n¶pw Hgnhm¡n k`bpsS A´kp Im¯pkq£n¡Wsa¶p Ignª Znhkw apJya{´n PbefnX {][m\a{´n a³taml³knwKnt\mSp Bhiys¸«ncp¶p.

CtX Bhiyhpambn P\Xm]mÀ«n {]knUâv kp{_ÒWyw kzmanbpw cwK¯p h¶n«pWvSv. k¬ Sn.hnbpsS No^v FIvknIyq«ohv Hm^okÀ Iem\n[n amcs\Xnsc kn. _n. sF At\zjWw thWsa¶mWv At±l¯nsâ Bhiyw. Fw.Un.Fw.sI t\Xmhv ssh t¡m Xsâ sXcsªSp¸p {]NmcW tbmK§fnseÃmw Xs¶ C¡mcyw FSp¯p ]dbp¶pWvSv.

_n.sP.]n tZiob sk{I«dn _µcp sZ¯mt{Xbpw Zbm\n[n amcs\Xnsc cwK¯p h¶n«pWvSv. Un.Fw.sI A[nImc¯n h¶m Un.Sn.F¨v kwhn[m\¯neqsS am[yakzmX{´ys¯ Xs¶bmhpw XIÀ¡pIsb¶v ASp¯nsS Un.Fw.sIbn \n¶pw cmPn h¨p adp¡WvSw NmSnb {]ikvX kn\namXmcw icXvIpamÀ A`n{]mbs¸«n«pWvSv.

F¶mÂ, cmPnsh¡p¶ Imcys¯ Xamibmbn hntijn¸n¨ Zbm\n[n amc³ Un.Fw.sI t\XrXzw \ÂIp¶ Un.]n.sF kJyw A[nImc¯nse¯pI Xs¶ sN¿psa¶p C¶se {]Jym]n¨p. IfÀ Sn.hn hnXcWw shdpw hmKvZm\w am{XasömWv a{´nbpsS hmZw. hntZi Sn.hn \nÀ½mXm¡fmb tkmWn, sFhm XpS§nbhsc sImWvSv kwØm\¯v DXv]mZ\w XpS§n¡m\pw AXphgn sXmgnenÃmbva KWyambn Ipdbv¡m\papÅ amÀKw IqSnbmWt{X CXv.

h¼n¨ tXmXnepÅ DXv]mZ\w hnebnepw amäapWvSm¡psa¶mWv amc³ IW¡p Iq«p¶Xv. samss_ t^mWpIÄ 1,200 cq]bv¡p sImSp¡m³ Ignbp¶Xp t]mse Sn.hn cWvSmbncw cq]bv¡pw hnXcWw sN¿m\mhpat{X. {ios]cp¼Xqcn Bcw`n¡p¶ t\m¡nb I¼\n t]mepw amcsâ XmÂ]cy¯nemsW¶p Un.Fw.sIbpw {]N cn¸n¡p¶pWvSv.

\¦pt\cnbn Câ XpS§m\ncp¶ I¼\nbn XmÂ]cyw ImWn¡mXncp¶Xv PbefnXbmsW¶pÅ {]Nmc W¯n\p adp]Sn ]dbm³ F. sF.F.Un.Fw.sIbv¡pw Bhp¶nÃ.

C´ybn Xs¶bpÅ Gähpw henb ]²Xnbmbncp¶ 14,000 tImSn apXÂapS¡pw {]XnhÀjw 75 e£w sXmgn Ahkc§Ä krjvSn¡p¶Xpamb skw C´y Xangv \m «n \n¶pw amdn Ct¸mÄ B\v{[bn XpS§nbXn\p ]n¶nepw PbefnXbpsS hnIk\hntcm[am sW¶ Zbm\n[n amcsâ hmZ¯n\p adp]SnbnsöXmWv kXyw.

 

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