PohnXssien sImWvSpWvSmIp¶ hnhn[ Xcw tcmK§Ä, tcmK{]Xntcm[tijn¡pdhv, ssewKnI_elo\X, an¡hscbpw C¶v _p²nap«n¡p¶ {]iv\§fmWnh. PohnXw Xs¶ Ak´pjvSam¡p¶ Cu {]iv\§sf ]cnlcn¡m\pw BtcmKyIcamb PohnXw XncnsI \ÂIm \pw BbpÀthZ¯n\v km[n¡pw. klIcn¡m\pÅ a\kpsWvS¦n XoÀ¨bmbpw tcmKnIsf HmPkpw NpdpNpdp¡papÅ hyànbmbn amäm³ BbpÀ thZ¯n\v km[n¡pw.

tcmK§sf ]SnIS¯mw

iey¡mcmb \nch[n tcmK§sf IqsS¸nd¶hsct¸mse sImWvSp\S¡p¶hcmWv \½fntesd t]cpw. a\kn tcmK§fpsS hnjaXIÄ t]dpt¼mgpw NpWvSn Nncn tX¨v \S¡p¶hÀ. \n§fpsS NpWvSnse ]p©ncn¡v a\knsâ kt´mjw IqsS ]Icm³ Aev]w a\kph¨m km[n¡pw.

{]talw

ImcW§Ä

imcocnIamb A[zm\w Ipdhv, icnbmb Blmc{Iaw ]men¡mXncn¡pI, Nn«bnÃm¯ NcyIÄ F¶nh {]tal¯nte¡v \bn¡mhp¶ ImcW§fmWv. Chsbm¶pansænepw ]mc¼cyambn {]talw ]nSns]Smw. ]mc¼cyambn {]talw ]nSns]Sm\pÅ km[yX hfsc Iq SpXemWv. ]mc¼cyambn {]talkm[yXbpÅhÀ PohnXw icnbmb coXnbn Nn«s¸Sp¯nbm tcmKw ]nSns]Sm\pÅ km[yX hfscb[nIw Ipdbv¡m\pw sshInbv¡m\pamIpw.

NnInÕ

Zn\Ncybn h¶ncn¡p¶ Nn«bnÃmbva amäpIbmWv NnInÕbpsS BZy ]Sn. {]tal_m[ sImWvSv icoc¯n\v hfscb[nIw amäw tcmKw Xncn¨dnbpt¼mÄ Xs¶ kw`hn¨n«pWvSmIpw.

icoc¯nsâ kl\tijn, {]Xntcm[tijn, F¶nh IpdbpIbpw £oWw, XfÀ¨, DÕmlanÃmbva F¶nh DWvSmIpIbpw sN¿pw. Huj[NnInÕ, A`ywKw, DZzÀ¯w (]uUÀ akmPv), X{I[mc F¶nhbS§p¶ NnInÕm]²Xn tcmKnbpsS icocØnXnbv¡pw Bhiy¯n\pw A\pkrXambn sN¿pIbmWv sN¿p¶Xv. AXnt\msSm¸w Nn«bmb hymbmaw \nÀ_Ôambpw sN¿Ww. km[mcW hymbma§Äs¡m¸w tbmK IqSn ioen¡p¶Xv Xmdpamdmbnt]mb icoc{]hÀ¯\§sf ]p\À{IaoIcn¡m³ klmbn¡pw.

hymbmahpw tbmKbpw sshZy\nÀtZi{]Imcw sN¿Ww. {]talw ]qÀWambn amäm\mInsænepw BbpÀthZNnInÕbneqsS {]talhpambn _Ôs¸«v hcp¶ lmÀ«v Aäm¡v, sdänt\m¸Xn, \yqtdm¸Xn, NÀa{]iv\§Ä F¶nh ^eh¯mbn \nb{´n¡m³ km[n¡pw.

ho«n sN¿mhp¶Xv

{]talw DÅhÀ hymbma¯n\v apS¡w hcp¯mXncn¡pI. sImgp¸v, a[pcckapÅ Blmc§Ä, amwkmlmcw F¶nh Ipdbv¡pI. {^nUvPn h¨ Blmc§Ä t\cnt«m NqSm¡ntbm Ign¡mXncn¡pI.

ktkyXc Blmcw thWw F¶v \nÀ_ÔapÅhÀ¡v sNdpao\pIÄ Idnh¨v Ign¡mw.

Häaqen

* Rmhensâ sXmen C«v Xnf¸n¨ shÅw IpSn¡m\mbn D]tbmKn¡pI

* s\Ãn¡bpsS \ocn aªÄ tNÀ¯v ]Xnhmbn¡gn¡pI.

* ]¨¸mhbv¡tbm \otcm ]Xnhmbn Ign¡pI.

* amhnsâ Xfncne DW¡ns¸mSn¨v Ign¡pI.

càmXnaÀZw/cà\yq\aÀZw

ImcW§Ä

BbpÀthZhn[n {]Imcw ]©`qX§fpsS kaXpenXmhØbn hcp¶ hyXnbm\§fmWv tcmKImcWw. ]©`qX§fn hmbphnsâ {]hÀ¯\¯n hcp¶ sshIey§fmWv càmXnaÀZ¯n\pw cà\yq\aÀZ¯n\pw ImcWw. am\knIk½ÀZw, kabw sXänbpÅ Blmcw, icnbmb coXnbn Dd¡w e`n¡mbvI F¶nhsbÃmw hmbphnsâ {]hÀ¯\s¯ XIcmdnem¡pw. lrZbw, hr¡, IcÄ F¶nhsb _m[n¡p¶ AkpJ§fpsS kqNIambpw càmXnaÀZw hcmw. tim[\ icnbmb coXnbnesænepw càaÀZ¯n hyXymkw hcmw.

cà\yq\aÀZ¯n\v {]m[m\ ImcWw icnbmb t]mjWw icoc¯n\v e`n¡mbvIbmWv. hfsc sshInbpÅ `£Ww, am\knIk½ÀZw, Dd¡¡pdhv F¶nh càaÀZ¯n\vv ImcWamIpw. Zl\hyhØbn XIcmdptWvSm, Blmc¯n \n¶v t]mjWw icnbmbn BKncWw sN¿s¸SmXncn¡p¶ptWvSm XpS§nb Imcy§Ä cà\yq\aÀZapÅhcpsS Imcy¯n ]cnKWn¡Ww.

NnInÕ

càmXnaÀZ¯n\pw cà\yq\aÀZ¯n\pw ImcW¯nsâ KpcpXcmhØb\pkcn¨v am{Xw Huj[ NnInÕ aXnbmIpw. am\knIk½ÀZw, Dd¡¡pdhv F¶nhsbms¡bmWv ImcWsa¦n ImcW§sf amän BtcmKyw hosWvSSp¡mw. tbmKbpw [ym\hpw sImWvSv acps¶m¶pw IqSmsX Xs¶ cà¯nsâ aÀZhyXymkw ]cnlcn¡mw.

ho«n sN¿mhp¶Xv

càaÀZhyXymkw hcp¶hÀ icnbmb kab¯v sNdnb Afhnse¦nepw Blmcw Ign¡Ww. càmXnaÀZapÅhÀ Blmc¯n Fcnhv, ]pfn, D¸v F¶nh Ipdbv¡Ww. tim[\ IrXyamIm³ \mcS§nb Ce¡dnIfpw aäpw [mcmfambn Ign¡pIbpw shÅw IpSn¡pIbpw thWw. Blmc§Ä \¶mbn thhn¨v Ign¡Ww.

cà\yq\aÀZapÅhÀ t]mjImlmcw Øncambn Ign¡m³ {i²n¡pI. \yq\aÀZw s]s«¶v Ipdbv¡m³ D¸n«v \mc§m\ocpw aäpw Ign¡msa¦nepw AXv Øncambn D]tbmKn¡p¶Xv \ÃXÃ. ssXcv, s\¿v F¶nh Znhkhpw Ign¡mw. ]m IpSn¡p¶Xv \ÃXmsW¦nepw ]m aäv Blmc§fpsS IqsS Ign¡cpXv. ]m kaambn shÅw tNÀ¯v Xnf¸n¨v Ipdp¡n ]mensâ Afhnem¡n D]tbmKn¡p¶XmWv \ÃXv.

Häaqen

* shfp¯pÅn Ac¨v sh®bn tkhn¡pI.

* Np¡v Ijmbw sh¨v AÂ]w Imbw tNÀ¯v IpSn¡pI.

* XgpXma CSn¨p ]ngnªv \ocp IpSn¡pI.

* shfp¯pÅn NX¨n«p ]mepIm¨n ]©kmc tNÀ¯p cmhnse Blmc¯n\p ap¼p Ign¡pI.

sImfkvt{SmÄ

ImcW§Ä

AanXmlmcw Asæn ^mÌv ^pUv t]mepÅ A\mtcmKyIcamb Blmcw BWv sImfkvt{Smfn\v ImcWw. hymbmaanÃmbvabpw sImfkvt{SmÄ k½m\n¡pw. icoc¯nse sImgp¸nsâ Zl\¯n hcp¶ XIcmdmWv sImfkvt{Smfn\v hgnhbv¡p¶Xv.

]e ImcW§Ä sImWvSv cà¯nse sImgp¸nsâ Afhv hÀ[n¡pIbpw AXv cà[a\nIfn ASnªpIqSpIbpamWv sImfkvt{SmÄ sImWvSv kw`hn¡p¶ A]ISw. P·\m h®w DÅ Xcw {]IrX¡msc¡mÄ AanXmlmcw sImWvSv h®w hbv¡p¶hÀ¡mWv sImft{SmÄ km[yX IqSpXÂ. saenªhcmsW¦nepw sImgp¸v A[nIapÅ Xcw Blmcw Øncambn Ign¡p¶Xv sImfvt{SmÄ _m[n¡m³ CSbm¡pw.

NnInÕ

Nn«bmb Blmchpw Nn«bmb hymbmahpw sImfkvt{Smfn \n¶v c£s]Sp¶Xn\v AXymhiyamWv. Huj[tkhtbmsSm¸w Xncp½epIÄ, IngnIÄ, hkvXn F¶nhbpw tcmKia\¯n\v thWvSnhcmw. NneÀ¡v Øncambn 6þ8 amkw acp¶v Ignt¡WvSn ht¶¡pw. Nn InÕ Ignªmepw apS§msX hymbmaw sNt¿WvSn hcpw.

ho«n sN¿mhp¶Xv

sImfkvt{SmÄ ]nSns]«m NnInÕbv¡v tijhpw \à {i² th Ww. sImgp¸v F® a[pcw F¶nh Hgnhm¡pI. ISpIv sImfkvt{SmÄ Ipdbv¡m³ klmbn¡pw. sNdnb Afhn F® D]tbmKn¨v ISpIv Xmfn¨tXm ISpIv tNÀ¯tXm Bb IdnIÄ Ign¡mw. Blmcw ]mIw sN¿pt¼mÄ apfIv s]mSnbpw Nph ¶ apfIpw Hgnhm¡n, ]¨apftIm IpcpapftIm D]tbmKn¡p¶Xv \ÃXmWv.

Häaqen

* ssXcpw C©nbpw Idnbm¡n ]Xnhmbn `£Wt¯msSm¸w Ign¡pI.

* \mtem At©m AÃn shfp¯pÅn sXmen Ifªv NX¨v `£Wt¯msSm¸w Ign¡pI. Nph¶pÅnbpw C{]Imcw Xs¶ Ign¡mw.

* Cen¼³]pfn Idnbm¡n Ign¡p¶Xpw \¶mbncn¡pw.

* Blmc¯n shfp¯pÅn, IpS¼pfn, F¶nh IqSpXembn DÄ s¸Sp¯mw.

\SpthZ\

ImcW§Ä

Gsd t]sc hnjan¸n¡p¶ tcmKamWv \SpthZ\. Gsd t\cw Ccp¶v tPmen sN¿pI, AanXh®w, IpShbÀ, Ft¸msg¦nepw hoW ]cn¡pIÄ thWvShn[w NnInÕn¨v t`Zam¡msX hcnI, InS¸v, \S¸v XpS§nb Imcy§fn A\mtcmKyIcamb coXnIÄ Øncambn XpScpI, tim[\ IrXyaÃmXncn¡pI, hymbmaw CÃmXncn¡pI, AanXamb hymbmaw, hymbmaw thWvS coXnbneÃmsX sN¿pI F¶nh \SpthZ\bv¡v ImcWamImw.

icoc¯nse FÃm t]inIÄ¡pw Bhiyamb _ew (tSmWnwKv) DWvSmbncn¡Ww. ap³]dª ImcW§fntesX¦nepw sImWvSv t]inIÄ¡v _ew \jvSs¸«v Abªp XpS§pt¼mÄ Ah FÃpIfpambn LSn¸n¨ncn¡p¶Xn Abhv hcnIbpw CXv FÃpIÄ¡v IqSpX Dck t\cnSm³ CSbmhpIbpw tXbvam\w ZpÀ_eX F¶nhbv¡v ImcWamIpIbpw sN¿pw.

kv{XoIÄ¡v {]khm\´cw \SpthZ\ hcmdpWvSv. F¶m {]khw \SpthZ\bv¡v ImcWamsW¶v ]dbm\mhnÃ. kzm`mhnI{]{Inbbmb {]khw Xm§m³ BtcmKyapÅ icoc¯n\v Ignbpw. icoc¯n\v {]khw Xm§m\pÅ BtcmKyanÃmsX t]mIp¶psh¶XmWv {]khtijapÅ \SpthZ\bv¡v ImcWw. Sn._n t]mepÅ AkpJ§fpsS A\´c^eambpw \SpthZ\ hcmw. CSbv¡v h¶p t]mIp¶ \SpthZ\bpsWvS¦n XoÀ¨bmbpw tUmIvSsd IWvSv NnInÕ tXSWw.

NnInÕ

an¡hmdpw tXbvam\w t]mepÅ {]iv\§Ä sImWvSv cq£amb tijamWv \SpthZ\ ]ecpw NnInÕn¡p¶Xv. NnInÕ XpS§nbmepw ]qÀWambpw NnInÕbv¡v hnt[bamImsX Bizmkw In«pt¼mtg¡v \nÀ¯p¶Xpw ]XnhmWv. Huj[NnInÕtbmsSm¸w Xncp½Â, Ingn, ]ng¨nÂ, Rhc¡ngn, hkvXn XpS§nb NnInÕItfm ]©IÀa NnInÕbn ha\w(OÀZn¸n¡Â) HgnsIbpÅ NnInÕIsfÃmw Hcpant¨m \SpthZ\bpsS Kuchw A\pkcn¨v thWvSn hcmw. KpcpXcamb \SpthZ\bv¡v an¡hmdpw InS¶v NnInÕsbSp¡pI Xs¶ thWvSn hcpw. Nne Ahkc§fn NnInÕ BhÀ¯n¨v sNt¿WvSn hcpw.

AanXh®w, Gsd t\cw Ccp¶p sImWvSpÅ tPmen F¶nh sImWvSpÅ \SpthZ\ AIäm³ {][m\ambpw thWvSXv ImcW§sf AIäpI F¶XmWv. tPmen¡nSbn Xs¶ sN¿mhp¶ sNdphymbma§Ä ioen¡pI. \nXyhpw hymbmaw sN¿pI F¶nhbneqsS {]iv\w ]cnlcn¡mw.

ho«n sN¿mhp¶Xv

tbmK Øncambn sN¿p¶Xv \SpthZ\ hcmXncn¡m\pw ian¸n¡m\pw klmbn¡pw. sNdnb tXmXnepÅ \SpthZ\ s]bn³ _mapIÄ sImWvSv ian¸n¡mw. IÀ¸qcmZn ssXew tX¨v Bhn ]nSn¡pI. tlm«v hm«À _mKv sImWvSv Bhn ]nSn¡pI F¶nh sN¿mw.

tim[\ Ffp¸amIp¶ hn[apÅ `£WcoXn ]n³XpScWw. `mcw DbÀ¯pt¼mgpw aäpw ap«n Xm§v sImSp¯ tijw DbÀ¯pI. Ip\nbpt¼mgpw aäpw ap«v aS¡n Ip\nbm\pw {i²n¡Ww. InS¡, Itkc F¶nh \SpthZ\bv¡v ImcWamIp¶psWvS¦n AhbpsS D]tbmKw Hgnhm¡Ww.

Häaqen

* Deph hdp¯p s]mSn¨v Im¸nbn tNÀ¯v ]Xnhmbn IpSn¡pI.

* Np¡pIjmb¯n BhWs¡®sbmgn¨v Ign¡pI.

* AarXv, Np¡v F¶nh Ijmbw sh¨v Xn¸ens¸mSnbpw BhWs¡®bpw kaw tNÀ¯v Ign¡pI.

* Icps\m¨nbne CSn¨p ]ngnª \ocpw BhWs¡®bpw kaw tNÀ¯p Ign¡pI.

kÔnthZ\

ImcW§Ä

]e ImcW§Ä sImWvSv kÔnIfn \oÀs¡«v DWvSmIp¶XmWv kÔnthZ\bv¡v ImcWamIp¶Xv. ZoÀLt\cw Ccp¶v tPmen sN¿pI, InS¸,v Ccn¸v F¶nhbpsS coXnIÄ amdpI, bm{X sNt¿WvSn hcnI, ØncaÃm¯ tPmenIÄ sNt¿WvSn hcnI, ag \\bpI, shbn sImÅpI XpS§nb Ahkc§fnsems¡ \oÀho¡hpw kÔnthZ\bpw DWvSmImw. Zl\¯nepw càNw{IaW¯nepw hcp¶ XIcmdpIfmWv \oÀs¡«n\pw kÔnthZ\IÄ¡pw {][m\ImcWw. CXv kmh[m\w AØnIfpsS _e£b¯n\pw tXbvam\¯n\pw aäpw hgn sXfnbv¡mw.

NnInÕ

Huj[NnInÕbmWv kÔnthZ\bv¡v {][m\ambpw thWvSn hcp¶Xv. càNw{IaWs¯bpw Zl\hyhØsbbpw {IaoIcn¡m³ CXv klmbn¡pw. icnbmb NnInÕ bneqsS PohnXNcybn sNdnb amä§Ä DWvSmIpt¼mÄ Xs¶ \ocv hogp¶ kz`mhs¯ amänsbSp¡m\mIpw. NnInÕtbmsSm¸w Blmc coXn IqSn {IaoIcnt¡WvSXv kÔnthZ\ ian¸n¡m³ AXymhiyamWv. icoc¯n Nne `mK§fn {]tXyIambn \ocv sI«n¡nS¸psWvS¦n Ah Xncp½Â, Ingn F¶nhbneqsSsbms¡ amänsbSpt¡WvSn hcmw.

ho«n sN¿mhp¶Xv

\oÀs¡«v hcpt¼mÄ IÀ¸qcmZn ssXew tX¨v NqSv ]nSn¡pI, icocamsI F® tX¨v Xncp½nb tijw NqSv shůn Ipfn¡pI. F¶nh sN¿mw. tX¨v Ipfn¡m³ sshZy\nÀtZi{]Imcw Huj[F®IÄ D]tbmKn¡mw. F® tXbv¡p¶Xv NneÀ¡v tbmPns¨¶v hcnÃ. ChÀ NqSpshůn Ipfn¡pItbm thZ\bpÅ `mK¯v NqSp]nSn¡pItbm sN¿mw.

Häaqen

* cWvSv Ig©v Np¡v, \mev Ig©v ISp¡, Bdv Ig©v NnäarXv F¶nhsbÃmw tNÀ¯v Ijmbw h¨v Ign¡pI.

* BhW¡ne, Icns\m¨nbne, ]pfnbne ChbntesX¦neptam H¶nt¨m C«v Xnf¸n¨ shÅw ]mI¯n\v Bdpt¼mÄ Hgn¨v Ipfn¡mw.

* XhnSv sImWvSv Ingn sI«n thZ\bpÅ `mK¯v NqSv ]nSn¡p¶Xpw \¶mbncn¡pw.

DZctcmK§Ä

ImcW§Ä

DZctcmK§fpsS ^eamb Kymkv (hmbptIm]w), s\s©cn¨nÂ, ]pfn¨pXnI«Â, izmk¯n\v ZpÀKÔw, hmbv]p®v, F¶nh ]ecpw NnInÕ tXSmsX sImWvSp\S¡p¶ tcmK§fmWv. PohnXcoXnbnepw BlmccoXnbnhpw h¶ amäamWv DZctcmK§fpsS {][m\ImcWw.

DXv¡WvT, kabw sXänbpÅ Blmcw, akmeIfpsS AanXtam Ønctam Bb D]tbmKw, Blmc§Ä thWvS{X thhn¡msXbpÅ D]tbmKw F¶nh Ime{ItaW DZctcmK§Ä¡v ImcWamImw. ]pIhen KpcpXcamb DZctcmK§Ä¡v ImcWamImw.

NnInÕ

Huj[NnInÕbmWv DZctcmK§Ä¡v thWvSXv. AXnt\msSm¸w tUmIvSÀ \nÀtZin¡p¶ hn[¯n Blmcw {IaoIcn¡Ww. kabmkabw Afhv Ipdhmbns«¦nepw `£Ww Ign¡pI. Fcnhv, ]pfn, Nmb, Im¸n F¶nh Ipdbv¡pI. Hcp `£Ww Zln¨p Ignª tijw am{Xw ASp¯t\cs¯ `£Ww Ign¡pI. cm{Xn Blmcw F«v aWn¡v ap³]m¡Ww. cm{Xn efnXamb `£Ww Ign¡m\pw {i²n¡pI. sNdnb tXmXnepÅ DZc{]iv\§Ä \nkmcam¡p¶Xv henb tcmK§fmbn CXv hfcm³ hgnhbv¡pw.

ho«n sN¿mhp¶Xv

Np¡v, aÃn, PocIw, ]pXn\bne F¶nhbn«v Xnf¸n¨ shÅw Øncambn IpSn¡m³ D]tbmKn¡p¶Xv DZctcmK§sf Ipdbv¡pw. Kymkv IqSpXepÅ kab§fn PocIw Aev]w IqSpXen«v Xnf¸n¨v shÅw IpSn¡mw. [m\z´cw KpfnI, lnwKphNmZn KpfnI F¶nh IpSn¡p¶ shůn Ac¨v hbdn\v AkzØXbpÅt¸mÄ Ign¡mw.

Häaqen

* Idnth¸nebn«v Xnf¸n¨ shÅw ]Xnhmbn Ign¡pI.

* AbtamZIw shůnen«v Xnf¸n¨v Acn¨v ]eh«w tkhn¡pI.

* amXf¸g¨mdv Hcp ¥mkv ]Xnhmbn Ign¡pI.

* Ip¼f§m\ocv cmhnse shdpw hbän Ign¡pI.

cmJn Pn.

hnhc§Ä¡v IS¸mSv:

tUm. Zpemcn amWn¡¯v